Do job satisfaction and supervisory support affect burnout among security guards in Macao? - Leong, Chi Ian (University of Saint Joseph, 2023)
We see security guards around in Macao in our daily lives and they are the ones who are responsible for protecting people’s safety and properties. Most security guards are non-local workers and might have different workplace stress levels. This study’s main aim is to investigate how job satisfaction and supervisory support are related to burnout among security guards in Macao. The research is carried out through a quantitative questionnaire to collect data and deliver it to the local and non-local security guards working in Macao. A total of 132 questionnaires were collected. It is expected that when security guards have higher job satisfaction and more supervisory support, they will experience less burnout. This intention enables the organization to make some changes to help the security guards from burnout due to job dissatisfaction and no supervisory support. The practical implication for reducing stress is introducing training courses such as mindfulness-based stress training programs. Future research will investigate other support like organizational support, peer support, and family and friends support on security guards
Keywords: Burnout; Job satisfaction; Supervisory support; Thesis and Dissertations Master of Organisational Psychology (MOP); University of Saint Joseph

Diving into the unknown: robotics as tools to study the deep-sea. Informed Scientific Sampling in Large-scale Outdoor Environments - Dias, Ágata (International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems IROS, 2019)

Divine foreknowledge and human free will: Embracing the paradox - DeVito, Michael; McNabb, Tyler Dalton (International Journal for Philosophy of Religion, 2021)

Diversity and Variation in China's Yao Ancient Wood Frame Structures Through Genetic Algorithms: - Afonso, Filipe; Jedenov, Kirill; Januário, Pedro Gomes; Almeida, Paulo (International Journal of Creative Interfaces and Computer Graphics, 2022)
This study, focusing on the China's Yao minority community, investigates the feasibility to create a generative computational method to replicate the diversity of the existing Yao traditional wood buildings, addressing the critical issues currently facing computational design methods, in the attempt to adapt genetic-generative algorithms to the study of local ancient architecture. The project develops a computational tool to generate a network of three-dimensional prototypes, or building structures, derived from traditional wood frame village houses. It studies possible housing structures that illustrate some of the key working methods available in digital systems such as ‘generating' and ‘compositing' taking as a starting point computational strategies oriented towards geometry and where a set of local variables play a decisive role: available local technologies, use of raw materials, and the dimensioning of timber components based on data collected from Yao architecture.

Distribution of Meiji baby milk powder in Macao - Leong, Chi Cheong (University of Saint Joseph, 2011)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

DISRUPT - Environmental Endocrine disruptors: Current situation in Macao, neurobehavioral effects and bioremediation strategies - Gonçalves, David (University of Saint Joseph, 2018)

Digital Renminbi: Impacts on Economic Integration of the Greater Bay Area - Lei, Weng Chi; Wang, Xinru (Springer Nature, 2023)
The degree of economic integration in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area (GBA), as reflected in the mobility of trade and capital flows, has been strengthened by free trade agreements, but obstacles including border effects, capital controls, differences of exchange rate systems and inadequate cross-regional coordination remain. Digital renminbi (e-CNY) has been tested in Shenzhen, a core GBA city since April 2020. If e-CNY is adopted in the GBA, the area will effectively become a single currency zone. Whether the GBA constitutes an “optimum currency area” (OCA) depends on its degree of economic integration. This paper computes real interest rate differential (RID), uncovered interest rate differential (UID) and deviation from purchasing power parity (PPD) of each regional pair based on data of interest rates, exchange rates and price indexes from 2016M2 to 2022M7. All UID, PPD and RID series have means within about 1 percent point from 0, indicating high degrees of financial integration, real integration and economic integration. With the exception of Guangdong-Macau RID, all series are stationary, implying mean-reverting behavior. Hence, the parities are expected to hold both in the short run and in the long run, which is a condition for an OCA in the GBA. Furthermore, the regression analysis finds that the test launch of e-CNY in Shenzhen (adjusted for the COVID-19 outbreak) has significant impacts on all RIDs, Guangdong-Macau PPD and Hong Kong-Macau PPD. With merely two and a half years of test launch, the introduction of e-CNY already had impacts on overall economic integration in the GBA.
Keywords: Economic development policy; Economic integration; Exchange rate regime; Financial integration; Greater Bay Area; Optimum currency area

Digital and Sustainable Trade Facilitation in Western Balkans Countries - Toshevska-Trpchevska, Katerina; Lei, Weng Chi (Florence); Stojkoski, Viktor (European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 2024)
After the Covid-19 Pandemic crisis in international economic relations it became evident that climate-smart aspects should be considered when re-establishing a new international trade order. International organizations have proclaimed that this momentum should be used to include climate-smart trade and investment provisions to enable sustainable development. It has been acknowledged that trade has an important role to play in the global response to climate change, providing economies with tools to draw on in their efforts to mitigate climate change and to adapt to its consequences. In this paper we focus the analysis on investigating the digital and sustainable component of trade facilitation measures applied in Western Balkans countries. To evaluate the importance of trade facilitation measures and their digital and sustainable components we apply standard gravity model with the data from UN Global Survey on digital and sustainable trade facilitation. The results show that trade facilitation measures are important for improving and increasing trade among the Western Balkans countries. Especially, measures connected to improving transparency procedures in trade and measures for alleviating trade formalities are most significant for increasing bilateral trade among Western Balkans countries. With a lower level of importance are the measures for improving cross-border paperless trade between these countries.
Keywords: Digital and sustainable trade facilitation; UN Global Survey on Digital and Sustainable Trade Facilitation; Western Balkans countries; gravity model

Diffusion of Technologies: Delivering on the Promises of Battery Electric Vehicles - Lampo, Alessandro; Silva, Susana C. (Walking the Talk? MNEs Transitioning Towards a Sustainable World, 2024)
Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are living up to their claims as consumers choose them more frequently. The increasing demand for sustainable vehicles translates into the global need for specific components, materials, and infrastructures and drives the regulatory frameworks in each country. While BEVs offer environmental benefits and global business opportunities, the technology has not yet gained mainstream acceptance. Thus, this work aims to investigate the characteristics of BEV users and their role in the diffusion of products to larger segments, as this may vary from country to country. For this purpose, a survey based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT-2) (Venkatesh et al., 2012) framework and structural equation modeling (SmartPLS) was adopted. The results indicated that, except for the constructs of effort expectancy (EE) and social influence (SI), the predictors in the model performed well in this context. Current users are satisfied with their vehicles and are supportive of BEVs in the future. The analysis also revealed that in addition to the availability of financial resources, early adopters are attracted by new technologies in a way that leads them to make decisions outside of the traditional influence of the other members of society. It is suggested to leverage the perceived benefits of status, differentiation, or uniqueness motives, to appeal to those seeking to appear trendy and tech-savvy in society. Companies and policymakers should acknowledge the peculiarities of early customers in their communication strategies to reach a wider audience around the globe and encourage the adoption of BEV technology.
Keywords: Air quality; Battery electric vehicles; Clean energy technology; Consumer behavior; Diffusion of innovations; Early adopters; International marketing

Diferenças étnico-culturais e expectativas académicas entre dolescentes Macaenses, Portugueses Europeus, Africanos e Chineses ultramarinos: estudo de caso em contexto escolar - Street, Maria Cristina Munhoz (University of Saint Joseph, 2015)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Diagnóstico à literacia da informação de estudantes de ensino superior: um estudo de caso em Macau - Chan, Emily; Sanches, Tatiana (Actas do Congresso Nacional de Bibliotecários, Arquivistas e Documentalistas, 2023)
O presente estudo faz parte de uma investigação mais alargada que pretende i) estudar, numa população estudantil de ensino superior, as suas necessidades e comportamento perante a informação e ii) desenvolver um programa de formação em literacia da informação, integrando este conhecimento e os contributos dos diversos intervenientes (estudantes, docentes, bibliotecários). Sabemos hoje que a integração da literacia da informação nas aprendizagens melhora o desempenho dos estudantes e que, por esse motivo, os bibliotecários académicos podem desempenhar um papel importante ao colaborarem no desenho e formação de programas nestas áreas. Esta comunicação apresenta a primeira fase deste estudo. Trata-se da aplicação de um inquérito por questionário a uma população de estudantes de graduação, no ensino superior, em Macau. Os resultados demonstram as perceções dos estudantes relativamente às suas necessidades de informação, bem como o uso dos recursos informativos preferidos na prossecução dos seus estudos. A formação destes estudantes na pesquisa, recuperação, análise e uso da informação parece ser essencial. A construção de programas de formação em literacia da informação deve ser concebida à medida, recorrendo-se a um diagnóstico próximo e efetivo. A par, é importante continuar a desenvolver ambientes físicos e virtuais que disponibilizem informação credível e que deem resposta às necessidades informacionais dos que os utilizam, apoiando a aprendizagem.
Keywords: Estudantes

DEVISING THE IMPACT OF THE FEMALE PERSPECTIVE IN THE GAME DESIGN - Luo, Min (University of Saint Joseph, 2024)
Within the realm of video games, female characters often become ensnared in stereotypes, thus becoming objects of the male gaze. Moreover, the neglect of female characters' subjectivity in game design reflects a failure to acknowledge their agency. Additionally, the female perspective is frequently disregarded in game design. These issues have had adverse effects, leading to designs that are less hospitable to women, perpetuating misogyny, sexual harassment, and discrimination in online gaming, and further marginalizing women within the gaming industry. Integrating feminist principles into video game design has the potential to dismantle the cultural center of inequality within gaming culture and foster a more diverse and inclusive video game world, brimming with possibilities. This research investigates such phenomena through a blend of questionnaires and online interviews. Following data refinement and summarization, it explores the potential fusion of feminism and game design. While findings from these studies aid in establishing a framework for this synthesis, feminist game research presents complexity. The study offers pertinent references aimed at advancing the field
Keywords: Female Characters; Feminism; Game Design; Stereotypes; Thesis and Dissertations Master of Design (MDG); University of Saint Joseph; Video Games; Women

Development of Structure and Sensitivity of the Fish Inner Ear - Vasconcelos, Raquel O.; Alderks, Peter W.; Sisneros, Joseph A. (Fish Hearing and Bioacoustics: An Anthology in Honor of Arthur N. Popper and Richard R. Fay, 2016)
Fish represent the largest group of vertebrates and display the greatest diversity of auditory structures. However, studies addressing how the form and function of the auditory system change during development to enhance perception of the acoustic environment are rather sparse in this taxon compared to other vertebrate groups. An ontogenetic perspective of the auditory system in fishes provides a readily testable framework for understanding structure–function relationships. Additionally, studying ancestral models such as fish can convey valuable comparable information across vertebrates, as early developmental events are often evolutionary conserved. This chapter reviews the literature on the morphological development of the fish auditory system, with particular focus on the inner ear structures that evolve from an otic placode during early embryonic development and then continue to undergo differentiation and maturation in the postembryonic phase. Moreover, the chapter provides a systematic overview of how auditory sensitivity develops during ontogeny. Although most studies indicate a developmental improvement in auditory sensitivity, there is considerably species-specific variation. Lastly, the paucity of information and literature concerning the development of auditory capabilities for social communication in fishes is also discussed. Further investigation on the development of structure and function of the fish auditory system is recommended in order to obtain a deeper understanding of how ontogenetic morphological changes in the auditory pathway relate to modifications in acoustic reception, auditory processing, and the capacity to communicate acoustically.
Keywords: Auditory development; Auditory physiology; Ear morphology; Fish ontogeny

Development of SMES in Angola - Carvalho, Ahod Vazeriva Cardoso De (University of Saint Joseph, 2010)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Development of management styles in India - Chau, Sou Cheng (University of Saint Joseph, 2010)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Development of management style in Taiwan - Jung, Iok Fan (University of Saint Joseph, 2010)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Development of Cultural Tourism in Macau through the Visual and Performing Arts - Tique, Ana Teresa Leal (University of Saint Joseph, 2021)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Developing Teledifusao de Macau (TDM) Issues and Prospects - Siew, Pek Leng (University of Saint Joseph, 2015)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Government Studies (MGS); University of Saint Joseph

Developing programs for preschool children to enhance Chinese literacy: A Macau-based example. - Chu, K. W.; Mak, M. C. K.; Tse, T. P. M.; Cheng, P. W.; Ho, G. W. S; Ng, M. H. (The 7th Annual Conference for the Association for Reading and Writing in Asia (ARWA 2023), 2023)

Developing programs for preschool children to enhance Chinese literacy: A Macau-based example - Chu, K. W.; Mak, M. C. K; Tse, T. P. M.; Cheng, P. W.; Ho, G. W. S.; Ng, M. H.; Ng, S. K. (The 7th Annual Conference for the Association for Reading and Writing in Asia (ARWA 2023), 2023)

Developing Neuromarketing Innovative Research - Lobo Marques, J. A. (Neuromarathon 2022, 2022)

Developing an understanding of Yoox Net-A-Porter Group's business model - Brito, Clara Susana Pereira Soeiro de (University of Saint Joseph, 2019)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Developing an employer brand for the judiciary police: a consultants' report - Chan, Hao Man (University of Saint Joseph, 2011)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Developing a new perspective on school improvement - Chen, Kim Yone (University of Saint Joseph, 2004)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Developing a Holistic Approach to Learning and Teaching Introductory Object-Oriented Programming - Thota, Neena Jawaharlal (University of Saint Joseph, 2010)
This thesis articulates the development of a holistic approach to enhance learning and teaching in an object-oriented programming course. Starting with the premise that it is not possible to improve teaching without understanding how students learn programming, this thesis embodies the processes and reflections experienced while applying knowledge of how students learn programming, to design a learning environment that enhances learning outcomes. First, a theoretically based framework for the teaching of the course is developed. A holistic approach using a plurality of pedagogic theories, taxonomies, and instructional designs is employed to bridge the gaps between the bodies of knowledge relating to the ways that students approach programming and the application of this knowledge to design the course. Second, in two cycles of action research, the course is implemented and the analysis of its outcome is conducted using mixed methods data collection techniques. The evaluation is integrative and seeks multiple forms of evidence for student engagement and improved learning. The original contributions from this research in the form of new initiatives, perceptions, and understandings, as well as implications for theory and practice are described. A claim to knowledge is established by explaining the significance of the research to student learning, personal practice and beliefs, institutional influence, and potential for influence on computing education research. Quality criteria are applied to assess the validity and rigor of the action research project, and the research is appraised as a scholarly enquiry and a transformative process that led to innovative forms of thinking and acting
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations PhD in Information System (D-IS); University of Saint Joseph

Developing a customer call-center in Macau for a beverage company - Gunawan, Albert (University of Saint Joseph, 2011)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Developing a community-based science curriculum for primary school students in Macau - Ng, Shuk Yan (University of Saint Joseph, 2011)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Determining the relationships of employee resilience and organizational culture with levels of employee work engagement - Kuok, Angus; Taormina, Robert (2024)
The objective is to assess whether the extent to which employee resilience and organizational culture would be significantly related to and statistically predict the three facets of employee work engagement. Resilience was measured by four facets (Determination, Endurance, Adaptability, and Recuperability); and Organization Culture was measured for three types (Bureaucratic, Innovative, and Supportive). The dependent measures were the three facets of Work Engagement (Cognitive, Emotional, and Physical). This research by questionnaire was conducted in 2023. The questionnaires completed by 316 full-time workers revealed that all four facets of employee resilience had significant positive correlations with all three types of work engagement. Also, all three facets of work engagement were significantly higher in Innovative and Supportive cultures compared to Bureaucratic cultures. The regression analyses performed showed that the resilience factors of Determination and Adaptability were strong positive predictors of all three facets of work engagement. Furthermore, Innovative culture had additional positive effects on all three facets of work engagement; while Supportive culture had an additional positive effect on Emotional Work Engagement. The implications of the results for management are also discussed in this paper.

Determinants of social media shopping intention in Macao - Ng, Iok Mui (University of Saint Joseph, 2015)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Designing an Optimized Constructed Wetland System with Circular Sustainability for Wastewater Treatment in Macao - Lei, Micaela (University of Saint Joseph, 2020)
Keywords: Master of Environmental Sciences and Management (MESM); University of Saint Joseph

Design Thinking Methodology and Text-To-Image Artificial Intelligence: A Case Study in the Context of Furniture Design Education - Caires, Carlos Sena; Estadieu, Gerald; Olga Ng Ka Man, Sandra (Perspectives on Design and Digital Communication IV: Research, Innovations and Best Practices, 2024)
The design thinking methodology is a problem-solving approach that involves empathising with end-users, (re)defining problems, brainstorming solutions creatively, and experimenting with prototypes and testing. It has been widely adopted in education to help students develop critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving skills in design. On the other hand, text-to-image artificial intelligence is a method used to generate images from natural language descriptors (usually referred to as prompts). Design thinking methodology can teach students to think creatively and critically about real-world problems when applied in the classroom. In the context of design teaching at the University of Saint Joseph, Macao, students use the design thinking methodology to develop innovative proposals for furniture design solutions. Combining design thinking methodologies with text-to-image artificial intelligence can further enhance the learning experience by allowing students to generate visual representations of their ideas during the ideation phase. The authors developed a systematic approach to generate images for ideation on furniture design based on prompting text-to-image (PTI). The analysis related students’ results who applied the design thinking methodology without using AI tools and the results generated using a standard text-to-image programme. By combining both methods, teachers can help students develop critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving skills, while also allowing them to generate visual representations in a different paradigm and, by so, being able to communicate their ideas with the most appropriate support for them.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Design thinking; Education quality; Furniture design education; Text-to-image prompt

Design Thinking associated with R&D: Process Management and Knowledge Transfer for the Creative Industries - Cerejo, Joana; Barbosa, Álvaro (LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2014)
The difficult task of innovation is a key facet of Research & Development (R&D) institutions. To Design, innovation is to make the project technically feasible, economically viable, merchandising interesting and emotionally engaging. Design Thinking integrated with R&D organizations can foster the relationship between Universities and new markets. By addressing these topics, this book researches new emerging design methods and provide an overview of Design Thinking tools that can be applied in an early stage of the R&D research process to produce meaningful results. It is taken into account that design, through Design Thinking, extends to the experience that costumers/users have with products/services or even multidimensional experiences, which is a relevant input for R&D innovation development. In fact, the establishment of coherent guidelines for the Design Thinking process is a very complex task, due to its interdisciplinary requirements, that convey many diverse mindsets. The main focus of this book is creating an analysis toolkit that enables non-specialist and specialist users to perform high-quality design solutions.

Design Thinking and Entrepreneurship: In Macanese Corporate Environment - Caldeira, Wilson (University of Saint Joseph, 2016)
Keywords: Entrepreneurship Religious aspects; Macau; Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Design for Classroom Units: A Collaborative Multicultural Studio Development with Chinese Students - Caires, C. S.; Barbosa, A.; Hanyou, W. (International Journal of Educational and Pedagogical Sciences, 2020)
Design for Classroom Units: A Collaborative Multicultural Studio Development with Chinese Students

Design Explorations for 3D-Printed Modular Markers for eXtended-Reality Tangible User Interfaces: - Iok Fong, Chau; Cardoso, Jorge C. S.; Estadieu, Gerald Vincent (International Journal of Creative Interfaces and Computer Graphics, 2022)
Various materials, objects, and sensors have been explored earlier for creating tangible user interfaces (TUIs). However, there is little work on 3D-printed TUIs based on visual markers for smartphone-based extended reality (XR) experiences. The combination of visual markers and smartphones results in cheap, accessible XR systems within reach of many people. Combined with 3D printing, it could foster do-it-yourself (DIY) projects for XR experiences, which may further expand and open-up possibilities for accessible and tangible interaction. This work explores the design space of modular 3D-printed tangibles for smartphone-based XR. The authors report the design exploration process, provide several interactive 3D-printed markers, and reflect on the resulting possibilities.

Descobrimentos marítimos: miscigenação e preconceito em Senna Fernandes - Conde, Margarida (De Portugal a Macau. Filosofia e literatura no diálogo das culturas, 2017)

Desafios à unidade geopolítica da lusofonia - Leandro, Francisco da Silva (IDNBrief, 2017)
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Depiction of the freedom of the press and access to sources of information for working journalists in Macau - Rato, Frederico; Simões, José Manuel; Flores, Rui (Macau Portuguese and English Press Association, 2017)

Death of a salesman? the new junket regulation and practice in macau - Ho, Hong-Wai; Phillips, Jenny (Gaming Law Review, 2023)
This review article is among the first to examine the new junket regulations in the Macau gaming industry. Particular emphasis is on the legal and regulatory framework governing the junket activity of gaming promoters and their associates. The recent changes to Macau gaming laws have resulted in stronger licensing requirements for local junket participants and precipitated the collapse of the VIP room system in casinos. Furthermore, this article highlights the policy and managerial implications of the current junket environment for the gaming industry in Macau and possibly other regional gaming jurisdictions. The effects of the new legal environment for Macau junkets could also provide insights into the implementation of similar legislation in other jurisdictions.
Keywords: Macao; VIP room; gambling; gaming regulation; international gaming; junket operation

Dealing with a changing society: a work report on further development of the government infnormation bureau - Loi, I. Man (University of Saint Joseph, 2011)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Government Studies (MGS); University of Saint Joseph

De Portugal a Macau: Filosofia e Literatura no Diálogo das Culturas - Natário, Maria Celeste; Espadinha, Maria Antónia (Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Letras, 2017)

Data Augmentation for Deep Neural Networks Model in EEG Classification Task: A Review - He, Chao; Liu, Jialu; Zhu, Yuesheng; Du, Wencai (Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2021)
Classification of electroencephalogram (EEG) is a key approach to measure the rhythmic oscillations of neural activity, which is one of the core technologies of brain-computer interface systems (BCIs). However, extraction of the features from non-linear and non-stationary EEG signals is still a challenging task in current algorithms. With the development of artificial intelligence, various advanced algorithms have been proposed for signal classification in recent years. Among them, deep neural networks (DNNs) have become the most attractive type of method due to their end-to-end structure and powerful ability of automatic feature extraction. However, it is difficult to collect large-scale datasets in practical applications of BCIs, which may lead to overfitting or weak generalizability of the classifier. To address these issues, a promising technique has been proposed to improve the performance of the decoding model based on data augmentation (DA). In this article, we investigate recent studies and development of various DA strategies for EEG classification based on DNNs. The review consists of three parts: what kind of paradigms of EEG-based on BCIs are used, what types of DA methods are adopted to improve the DNN models, and what kind of accuracy can be obtained. Our survey summarizes the current practices and performance outcomes that aim to promote or guide the deployment of DA to EEG classification in future research and development.

Darwinism, Freemasonry and print culture: The construction of identity of the Macanese colonial elites in the late nineteenth century - Morais, Isabel (Macao - The Formation of a Global City, 2013)
In his most quoted study Imagined Communities, Benedict Anderson argues that the invention of the printing press and the rise of print media contributed to a textual representation of the concept of the nation and nationalism. He states that ‘popular’ print culture was also crucial in its contribution to a global exchange that would have reinforced the idea of an ‘imagined community’.1 Anderson further explains that before the eighteenth century, the concept of nation was extensive, as Latin was the language of a broad, vast, imagined community called ‘Christendom’, but as there were changes in the religious communities, such a concept began to be replaced by French and English as vernacular languages of administrative centralization.2 Thus, print capitalism allied to the book market supported by the improvement of communications and the emergence of new and diverse forms of national languages, originated the creation of clusters of small creole ‘imagined political communities’ that were eager to promote new forms of national and cultural consciousness, aimed at widespread literacy through liens of kinship, ethnicity, fraternity, and power loyalties.3 This chapter posits that Anderson's arguments regarding creole nationalism in the new world, fit the particular case of the emergence of the printing, publishing and book-selling culture among a Euro-creole bourgeoisie from Macao with solid kinship, ethnic, commercial and social connections in Hong Kong, Canton, Shanghai and other littoral spaces in the treaty ports in East Asia, and takes these developments as a necessary point of departure. I argue that they used the widespread nature of print media to empower themselves and other community members with the progressive eighteenth-century Enlightenment ideas on rational scientific knowledge. They embraced atheism and anti-clericalism as important elements of enlightenment, thus promoting scientific culture, constitutional monarchy or republican forms of government, social mobility for ethnic minorities, and religious and intellectual tolerance that to a certain extent challenged the Catholic Church and conservative circles.

DAOIST PERSPECTIVES ON TEACHER-STUDENT RELATIONSHIP: TAKING MACAO AS AN EXAMPLE = 道家視角下的師生關係-以澳門為例 - Lei, Sok Fan (University of Saint Joseph, 2024)
Keywords: Teacher-student Relationship; Thesis and Dissertations Master of Philosophy (MPH); University of Saint Joseph; Wuwei; the Dao De Jing

Da aptidão à aspiração: um caminho por percorrer - Correia, Ana (CECS - Publicações / eBooks, 2015)

Cyberculture and Multimodal Digital Games in Learning Environments: Fostering Creativity in Macau’s Educational System - Martins de Abreu, F.; Barbosa, Alvaro (LISBON CONSORTIUM - VIII Lisbon Summer School for the Study of Culture “Cyber+Cipher+Culture", 2018)

Cyber - bullying in Macau schools: an exploratory study - Afshar-Tongga, Mona (University of Saint Joseph, 2014)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Couselling and Psychotherapy (MCP); University of Saint Joseph

Customer satisfaction towards Macaowater service - Tam, In I. (University of Saint Joseph, 2009)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

CUSTOM CLUSTER: DEMAND-DRIVEN VERTICAL HOUSING ARCHITECTURE - Un, Ka Kin (University of Saint Joseph, 2023)
Vertical housing is essential for modern cities because of its efficiency in using space (Wang, J. Murakami, A. 2019). The architecture of vertical housing is often determined by developers and designers. Therefore, the architecture of the building is fixed, and the end users are not involved nor can they influence its final appearance. For residential buildings, the unit sizes are based on market demand at a given point in time, which does not reflect the dynamic needs of the population as they evolve and may result in a mismatch between the supply and the demand for housing. The design of housing towers that have demographic characteristics and family size is dependent on housing size and can be very uncharacteristic and repetitive. The research question identified and addressed in this study is: How can residential buildings meet the evolving demand for housing units? Based on this question, this research paper develops a prototype for residential to resolve the dilemma between the supply and the demand in terms of the apartment size and layout. This research is a project-oriented project that focuses on residential that reflects the different family sizes required to be housed in the building and is combined with the open building method to maximize building performance. Ultimately, this research represents a meaningful innovation for market-driven architecture and defines architectural design based on the changing needs of the population using the open construction method. It also provides an opportunity to improve the design efficiency and develop a method for future growth, upgrades, and user needs. It may also be able to reflect the current housing ratio of the residential building. This work can be further explored to verify its effectiveness for other housing types and community living spaces
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Architecture (MARCH); University of Saint Joseph; Vertical residential design; demand-driven architecture; form follows function; open building; residential clusters; stacking design

Curriculum leadership and management - San, Pek Leng (University of Saint Joseph, 2019)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Curriculum development of MICE in tertiary education in Macao - Chan, Kam Lun (University of Saint Joseph, 2011)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Current practices of successful Hong Kong middle school choral directors in working with voice-changing boys - Lam, Hoi Yan (University of Saint Joseph, 2015)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Choral Conducting (MCC); University of Saint Joseph

Culture, History, and Hospitality Public-Private Partnership of the Gaming Industry and the Macau SAR Government in the Cultural Tourism /Natural Kou, Chi In - Kou, Chi In (University of Saint Joseph, 2021)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of History & Heritage Studies (MHHS); University of Saint Joseph

‘Culture and identity – nationality and nationalism: indications for a theological reflection’ - Morgan, Stephen (Memory and Identity: the proceedings of the 28th ASEACCU Annual Conference, 2023)

Culturas organizacionais escolares em transicao: estudo de caso numa escola luso oriental - Correia, Ana Maria Cardoso Pires (University of Saint Joseph, 2001)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Culturas docenes nas organizacoes escolares: estudo de caso numa escola portugesa de Macau - Frota, Ana Paula de Rocha Alves (University of Saint Joseph, 2001)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Culturally Responsive Teaching: Attitude and Practice among Teachers in Macau (University of Saint Joseph, 2019)

Cultural tourism in Macau: positioning through identification of consumer segments and enhancing the product offering - Chiang, Ka Pek (University of Saint Joseph, 2010)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Crticial analysis of the policy and implementation of the environmental protection education of Macao - Chan, Sek Kiu; Li, Siu Pang, Titus; Ma, William (Partnerships beyond boundaries: new horizons in environmental education, 2009)

Crowdsensing-Based Gamification for Collective Assistance for Post-Era of Coronavirus Epidemic in Community Living - Luo, Renfei; Marques, João Alexandre Lôbo; Ong, Kok-Leong; Fong, Simon (International Journal of Extreme Automation and Connectivity in Healthcare (IJEACH), 2020)
Crowdsensing exploits the sensing abilities offered by smart phones and users' mobility. Users can mutually help each other as a community with the aid of crowdsensing. The potential of crowdsensing has yet to be fully realized for improving public health. A protocol based on gamification to encoura...

Cross Border Lab: Reframing the Urban Edge - Macau x Zhuhai - Soares, Nuno (Manipal International Symposium on Design, 2020)

Cross-Adaptive Polarity Switching Strategies for Optimization of Audio Mixes - Pestana, Pedro; Reiss, Josh; Barbosa, Alvaro (2015)

Critical development of green marketing in the hotel industry: Macao case study - Lampo, Alessandro; Gregori, Gian Luca; Cardinali, Silvio; Temperini, Valerio (SGBED Research Symposiums：Doing Well by Doing Good: New Perspectives on Corporate Social Responsibility, Sustainability, and Inclusive Capitalism, 2012)
This study analyzes the green marketing strategies with specific reference to the hotel industry. The concept of green marketing in this sector is crucial due to the growing expected importance of tourism in the future of global economy and its potential impact on social and economic development; this is true particularly in areas with relevant volumes of tourist arrivals. In this sense, we carried out an exploratory research in the hotel industry of the Special Administrative Region (SAR) of Macao in order to: highlight the primary motivations that underlie interventions geared towards the eco-sustainability of hotels, the services they offer and point out the problems, issues, and future prospects in the development of green marketing, as well as explore the role of eco-sustainable values in hotels’ online communication policies. In order to reach these aims a qualitative research was carried out with a semi-structured questionnaire (face-to-face interviews) to a group of hotels. The research was finished by an analysis of their websites, in order to verify possible references to the steps taken to protect the environment.

Crisis Management – Dystopic Scenario VS Real-World Pandemic: The Case of Saramago’s Blindness that Anticipated the Initial Managerial Approach to Covid-19 Pandemic Taken by Unprepared Governments Worldwide - Rouxinol, Hernâni Tiago Caveirinhas (University of Saint Joseph, 2022)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Crisis in motivation: exploring the factor structure of academic amotivation among school student in Macau - Chao, Josefina (University of Saint Joseph, 2011)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Couselling and Psychotherapy (MCP); University of Saint Joseph

CRISIS BREEDS CREATIVITY - Afonso, Filipe (Chinese University Of Hong Kong - Making Place in the Greater Bay Area, International Symposium, 2021)

Creative Engagement: Multimodal digital games in children's learning environment in Macau S.A.R. - Martins de Abreu, F.; Barbosa, Álvaro (Association for Computing Machinery, 2017)
One of the biggest challenges that we have encountered, when trying to encourage digital games in schools, is trying to explain what its benefits are in teaching and learning environments. In this pilot experimental study we explore how multimodal audio and visual games can be used in learning environments for children, specifically by fostering creative behaviors through User-Centered design approaches. To achieve this objective, a framework is being developed with multimodal experiences based on flexible design patterns that exploits basic visual and audio elements, allowing children from three to six years of age to play and learn through fun and subsequently trigger creative behaviors. These studies are making use of tangible objects, digital games and mobile platforms. We are making use of commercial digital games to understand and discuss the affordances of these games in an educational environment and how they support creativity in learning. (Fig.1)
Keywords: Children; Creative Learning; Devices; Digital Games; Mobile; Multimodal; Tangible Technologies; User-Centered Design

Creating multiculturalism amidst ethnic, linguistic and religious diversity: a Filipino perspective. - Monera, Arnold (Multiculturalism in Asia – Peace and Harmony, 2018)

COVID-19: Short-Run Impacts of the Pandemic on the Integrated Resort Oligopoly of Macao - Lei, Weng Chi (The International Workshop Tourism and Hospitality Management (IWTHM2021), 2021)
Objective: As a world tourist destination, Macao is inevitably under the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the market of integrated resorts in Macao are shared by only a few casino concessionaries, together forming an oligopoly. While the firms attempted to adjust price, quantity and quality of their hotel services in response to the pandemic, they could not overlook the strategic interactions with other players in the market. Hence, this paper aims to investigate the possible impact of the pandemic on the oligopolistic strategies in the integrated resort market in Macao. Methodology: Application of a theoretical model of differentiated oligopoly to this six-firm case shows that price differences across firms depend on their quality differentiation. In order to analyze these price differences empirically, this paper collects data of hotel room rates of the integrated resorts from November, 2019 to mid-August, 2020, covering the periods before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. Originality: In the existing literature, there is a lack of studies of the oligopoly in the hospitality industry of Macao. Furthermore, the effect of COVID-19 is still ongoing, so this present paper is one of the first to perform such analysis. Results: The regression of each of the hotel price differentials on the COVID-19 dummy variable shows that COVID-19 has statistically significant impacts on almost all the price differentials. Intuitively, MGM and Wynn were in the high-price segment before and after the outbreak, while other firms switched positions in the low-price segment during the pandemic. One obvious downstream movement was by Conrad. According to the proposition derived from the theory, these imply that COVID-19 should have significant impact on the quality differentiation of the firms. Practical implications: The results are in line with the observations that the integrated resorts have rolled out staycation packages according to preferences of local residents. These quality adjustments observed in Macao’s hospitality industry currently only involved variable inputs rather than fixed inputs of production; therefore, the impact of COVID-19 should be seen as short-term effects. Keywords: Covid-19; Differentiated oligopoly; Hospitality industry; Hotel room rate; Oligopolistic market structure; Pricing strategy.

COVID-19: Psychological and Psychosocial Impact, Fear, and Passion - Dey, Nilanjan; Mishra, Rishabh; Fong, Simon James; Santosh, K. C.; Tan, Stanna; Crespo, Rubén González (Digital Government: Research and Practice, 2021)

COVID-19 Detection by Means of ECG, Voice, and X-ray Computerized Systems: A Review - Ribeiro, Pedro; Marques, João Alexandre Lobo; Rodrigues, Pedro Miguel (Bioengineering, 2023)
Since the beginning of 2020, Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) has attracted the attention of the World Health Organization (WHO). This paper looks into the infection mechanism, patient symptoms, and laboratory diagnosis, followed by an extensive assessment of different technologies and computerized models (based on Electrocardiographic signals (ECG), Voice, and X-ray techniques) proposed as a diagnostic tool for the accurate detection of COVID-19. The found papers showed high accuracy rate results, ranging between 85.70% and 100%, and F1-Scores from 89.52% to 100%. With this state-of-the-art, we concluded that the models proposed for the detection of COVID-19 already have significant results, but the area still has room for improvement, given the vast symptomatology and the better comprehension of individuals’ evolution of the disease.
Keywords: COVID-19; artificial intelligence; computerized diagnostic systems; image processing; signal processing

Covid-19 Detection Based on Chest X-Ray Images Using Multiple Transfer Learning CNN Models - dos Santos Silva, Bruno Riccelli; Cesar Cortez, Paulo; Crosara Motta, Pedro; Lobo Marques, Joao Alexandre (Computerized Systems for Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19, 2023)
The gold standard to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection considers testing methods based on Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Still, the time necessary to confirm patient infection can be lengthy, and the process is expensive. In parallel, X-Ray and CT scans play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment processes. Hence, a trusted automated technique for identifying and quantifying the infected lung regions would be advantageous. Chest X-rays are two-dimensional images of the patient’s chest and provide lung morphological information and other characteristics, like ground-glass opacities (GGO), horizontal linear opacities, or consolidations, which are typical characteristics of pneumonia caused by COVID-19. This chapter presents an AI-based system using multiple Transfer Learning models for COVID-19 classification using Chest X-Rays. In our experimental design, all the classifiers demonstrated satisfactory accuracy, precision, recall, and specificity performance. On the one hand, the Mobilenet architecture outperformed the other CNNs, achieving excellent results for the evaluated metrics. On the other hand, Squeezenet presented a regular result in terms of recall. In medical diagnosis, false negatives can be particularly harmful because a false negative can lead to patients being incorrectly diagnosed as healthy. These results suggest that our Deep Learning classifiers can accurately classify X-ray exams as normal or indicative of COVID-19 with high confidence.

COVID-19 Classification Using CT Scans with Convolutional Neural Networks - Motta, Pedro Crosara; Cesar Cortez, Paulo; Lobo Marques, Jao Alexandre (Computerized Systems for Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19, 2023)
Even with more than 12 billion vaccine doses administered globally, the Covid-19 pandemic has caused several global economic, social, environmental, and healthcare impacts. Computer Aided Diagnostic (CAD) systems can serve as a complementary method to aid doctors in identifying regions of interest in images and help detect diseases. In addition, these systems can help doctors analyze the status of the disease and check for their progress or regression. To analyze the viability of using CNNs for differentiating Covid-19 CT positive images from Covid-19 CT negative images, we used a dataset collected by Union Hospital (HUST-UH) and Liyuan Hospital (HUST-LH) and made available at the Kaggle platform. The main objective of this chapter is to present results from applying two state-of-the-art CNNs on a Covid-19 CT Scan images database to evaluate the possibility of differentiating images with imaging features associated with Covid-19 pneumonia from images with imaging features irrelevant to Covid-19 pneumonia. Two pre-trained neural networks, ResNet50 and MobileNet, were fine-tuned for the datasets under analysis. Both CNNs obtained promising results, with the ResNet50 network achieving a Precision of 0.97, a Recall of 0.96, an F1-score of 0.96, and 39 false negatives. The MobileNet classifier obtained a Precision of 0.94, a Recall of 0.94, an F1-score of 0.94, and a total of 20 false negatives.

Couple Satisfaction in Partners of Male Shift Working Pilots - Bredenhann, Andri (University of Saint Joseph, 2020)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Couselling and Psychotherapy (MCP); University of Saint Joseph

Cote D'ivoire: On the Way to Become an Economic Hub in Western Africa - Sedia, Gounto Jean-Claude (University of Saint Joseph, 2017)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Cosultant's report for improving on-time delivery performance and inventory control of commercial business unit (CBU) in semiconductor industry - Chong, Lai Ha (University of Saint Joseph, 2011)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Corruption in timor-leste: causes, consequences, and reform - Borges, Almério Saldanha (University of Saint Joseph, 2013)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Government Studies (MGS); University of Saint Joseph

Corruption in Macao causes, consequences and challenges ahead - Tong, Ka Ieng (University of Saint Joseph, 2010)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Government Studies (MGS); University of Saint Joseph

Correlation of emotional intelligence, sports emotions, and coping strategies among Chinese adolescents in Macau - Yuen, Po Shan (University of Saint Joseph, 2014)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Couselling and Psychotherapy (MCP); University of Saint Joseph

Corporate social responsibility in Macau gaming industry - Madureira, Óscar Alberto Correia da Costa (University of Saint Joseph, 2015)
Keywords: Gambling; Macau; Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Corporate social responsibility at Foxconn with particular regard to employee issues - Kuok, Sin Teng (University of Saint Joseph, 2014)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Corporate Social Resopnsibility Practices in Macau - Marcelo, Nicole Chantal Clemente (University of Saint Joseph, 2021)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Coral empire: underwater oceans, colonial tropics, visual modernity: by Ann Elias Durham: Duke University Press, 2019, 296 pages ISBN: 9781478003182 (hbk) 99.95 USD, 9781478003823 (pbk) 26.95 USD, 9781478004462 (ebook) 26.95 USD - Zuev, Dennis (Visual Studies, 2023)

Copycat Macau? - Morrison, Keith (Macau Business, 2021)

COPING WITH WAR TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCES: CHRISTIAN AND MUSLIM PERSPECTIVES IN EAST TIMOR - Costa, Julieta da (University of Saint Joseph, 2024)
The researcher aims to understand how Christian and Muslim communities in East Timor cope with and recover from trauma arising from war, violence, and conflict. The research seeks to identify critical spiritual and religious coping mechanisms as present in East Timor (Timor Leste) that could help victims heal and reconstruct their lives after a war trauma experience. The study uses a mixed method, first deploying a quantitative investigation of Christian and Muslim communities in East Timor. The questionnaire aimsto understand how religion and spirituality feature in individuals' coping with trauma and the healing practices prescribed or encouraged by religious institutions and practices. In addition, a qualitative research and thematic analyses have been conducted and added with the facilitation of 6 Interviewees, 3 Muslims, and 3 Christians. This study aimed to investigate trauma levels and religious coping strategies among participants from East Timor. The quantitative findings indicated that the participants experienced a moderate level of trauma, with trouble sleeping being the most significant symptom. The qualitative findings revealed in some participants a high level of traumatic experiences. Recurrent thoughts of traumatic events and feeling jumpy were also prevalent. However, feeling strange around people or objects and feeling personally damaged by the trauma were less common. Regarding coping strategies, participants tended to rely on positive religious coping, seeking a stronger viii connection with God, finding comfort in religious communities and beliefs, and using spiritual interventions to manage emotions and worries, finding healing and a path toward the future. Both Catholics and Muslims employed positive religious coping strategies, with Catholics showing a slightly higher level in their utilization. However, the difference between the two groups was minimal. Positive coping strategies were more frequently used by participants from both religious backgrounds, highlighting their importance in dealing with trauma. Positive religious coping did not significantly impact trauma symptoms, showing no decrease or increase. However, a notable positive correlation existed between negative religious coping and more severe trauma symptoms. Individuals relying on negative coping strategies were more likely to experience heightened trauma symptoms. These findings align with previous research, emphasizing the positive association between Islamic appraisals and religious coping with better post-traumatic adjustment, while trauma-related appraisals are linked to worse adjustment. The study underscores the need to respect individual coping variations and recognizes the impact of negative religious coping on trauma experiences
Keywords: COPING STRATEGIES; COUNSELING; EAST-TIMOR; RELIGION; SPIRITUALITY; Thesis and Dissertations Master of Couselling and Psychotherapy (MCP); University of Saint Joseph; WAR

Coping with Merging and Advanced Market Risks - Xia, Harry (International Journal of Economics and Social Science, 2015)

COP21 COMPLIANCE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THROUGH INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT: IMPLEMENTATION PERSPECTIVES OF THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN THE PEARL RIVER DELTA AREA - Li, Warren Man Ho (University of Saint Joseph, 2022)
The global living standard improved significantly in the last decades and China moved 800 million people out of poverty since 1980. However, production and consumption in their current forms are unsustainable in matters of resource and energy use and involved emissions with their significant ecological impact. The global human community committed itself in the COP21 Agreement of Paris 2015 to reduce Green House Gas (GHG) emissions based on National Determined Contributions (NDCs) in order to limit the increase of global average temperature below 2°C or better 1.5°C above pre industrial levels. This commitment entails a comprehensive transformation of the current social and economic system in view of decoupling economic growth from both resource extraction and GHG emissions, in view of fostering a resource sensitive and CO2 neutral Circular Economy (CE) based on Sustainable Development (SD). China submitted its first Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) in 2015 with policies and measures affecting 15 major areas. In 2020, President Xi Jinping announced the commitment to peak China’s carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality before 2060. Proper and Integrated Resource and Waste Management is central on the way to achieve the transformation into a CE. The State Council of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) released its plan “生活垃圾分类制度实施方案” to promote source separation of household waste on March 30, 2017 aiming at the recycling rate for household waste to reach 35% by 2020 for the selected cities. The first China’s Mandatory Waste Source Separation Law “廣州 市生活垃圾分類管理條例” was enforced by the city of Guangzhou on July 1st, 2018. One of the key strategic plans in China is the development of the Greater Bay Area (GBA) with its comprehensive development plan released on February 18, 2019. Following the INDCs by China, parts of the GBA Development Plan emphasize that the development of the CE systems and the implementation of extended producer responsibility (EPR), are effective principles to provide financial incentives in view of reducing embedded emissions in material and processes. The present research studied, analysed, and compared the MSW treatment strategies, rules, regulations, and retrievable data, which lead to MSW source separation and the reverse logistic of separated waste among 4 selected cities Guangzhou, Zhuhai, and the 2 S.A.R.s of Hong Kong and Macao. The experience and comparison from Guangzhou and Hong Kong revealed that a Top-down approach in environmental policy decision making is more efficient and is able to implement necessary policies faster. However, the experiences from Guangzhou and Zhuhai indicate, that also a more participatory implementation process is crucial, as it enables the involved stakeholders to express their experiences and opinions properly, which can lead to a higher level of policy feasibility and acceptance and a smoother operation accompanied with a higher effectiveness. For the two SARs, to achieve the objective to increase the recycling rate, the local Government must seek approval from China’s Central Government to allow locally generated recyclable material, in their original form, to enter mainland China for further treatment and to be turned into secondary raw material. Without such a proper support by a reverse resource logistic from the mainland, the CE schemes, such as the Mandatory Waste Source Separation, Producer Responsibility Scheme (PRS), Waste Charging Scheme, are not able to be implemented effectively. The current approach of the Local Government purchasing of recycling and exportation services of recyclable materials from private companies, and the sole reliance on existing market forces to handle, process, and export recyclable material out of the S.A.R.s cannot ensure a reliable and continuous operation in view of mitigating involved emissions. By way of a comparative analyses, the present investigation works out and distils suggestions for best practices of implementing the CE to comply with targets of emission reductions
Keywords: Circular Economy (CE); Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); Thesis and Dissertations PhD in Science (D-SC); University of Saint Joseph; Waste Hierarchy; Zeroand- Low-Waste-Systems

Contributions to the Macao's Social Security Fund: the Arbitrary System - Un, Ka Man (University of Saint Joseph, 2014)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Government Studies (MGS); University of Saint Joseph

Contribution for the Public Consultation on the Macao SAR Masterplan 2020-2024 (University of Saint Joseph, 2020)

Continuing Education in Macau: The Meanings and Experiences of Students Pursuing a Master’s Degree - Gil, Sofia do Carmo (University of Saint Joseph, 2021)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Content and language integrated learning in higher education: a case study - Santos, Pedro Paulo Pereira Dos (University of Saint Joseph, 2018)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Contemporary art as a factor for knowledge generation from video: A arte contemporânea como fator de geração de conhecimento a partir do vídeo - Urrutia, Hernando; Pérez, Pilar; Fernandes-Marcos, Adérito (ARTECH 2021: 10th International Conference on Digital and Interactive Arts, 2021)

Contemplation on Today’s Digital Education - Negreiros, João; de Fatima Oliveira, Maria (Springer International Publishing, 2015)
This paper starts to address the affect and side-effects of social media on people’s live in a pure contemplation perspective. Social networks are revised and some issues regarding its impact on education was not forgotten such as the teacher role in the digital classroom, formal versus informal learning or Web 2.0 tools use. Since Moodle is the first Learning Management System whilst Facebook is the first social network in the world, a survey was accomplished with two independent classes of e-business students at University of Saint Joseph, Macao, China, on their attitudes toward both online services in a learning framework. In general, the results confirms to a certain extent others previous studies on the question of whether using Facebook as an educational tool is more effective than Moodle.
Keywords: Education; Facebook; Macao; Moodle; Social Networks

Contemplation and Leadership: In the Footsteps of Fr. Yves Raguin, S.J. - Duraj, Jarosław (Macau Ricci Institute Public Forum, 2021)

Consumers' Perception of Electric Aviation in Macao: An Exploratory Study Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior - Lampo, Alessandro (ICIBE '24, 2024)
Battery Electric Aircraft (BEA) technology is gaining attention due to the potential to reduce carbon emissions and noise pollution, contributing to global environmental sustainability. Grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this paper explores the determinants of attitude, social norm, behavioural control, and perceived risks related to the intention of Macau residents to use electric aeroplanes within the Greater Bay Area (GBA). This research uses a quantitative approach. Data is collected through structured surveys distributed to potential adopters. To assess the relationships between the determinants in our model, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is employed. The findings reveal that a favourable attitude and perceived behavioural control positively influence individuals’ intentions to adopt electric aeroplanes. However, perceived risks strongly impact adoption intentions, suggesting that addressing safety and reliability concerns is essential for promoting the technology within the region. The implications of this research extend beyond academic interests, as Macau’s unique position within the GBA offers the opportunity for electric aeroplanes’ adoption. Further, the reduced carbon emissions and noise pollution align with the city’s objectives and create a harmonious balance between economic prosperity and environmental preservation for future generations. This study offers important insights for integrating advanced computing technologies into BEA systems to enhance electric aeroplanes’ operational efficiency and safety to support their adoption. It also provides a path for policymakers and industry stakeholders toward sustainable economic development and integration of Macau within the GBA.

Consumers' Adoption of Molecular Chinese Medicine (MCM) in Macau: A Value-based approach - Hong, Chi Kit; Lampo, Alessandro (Academy of Global Business Research and Practice, 2022)
Molecular Chinese Medicine (MCM) is a recent method of manufacturing and dosing prescriptions that brings several advantages when compared with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). For instance, MCM is highly dissoluble, tastes better than the usual decoction, and the active principles are easily absorbed. Also, the manufacturing process is subject to better quality control. In spite of these benefits, consumers' intentions remain unclear due to the novelty of this technique. Therefore, an assessment of individuals' perceptions is relevant since molecular medicine is redefining how scientists understand and treat diseases, and it can be considered a medical innovation. To fill the research gap, the Value-based Acceptance Model (VAM) (Kim et al., 2007) is used to assess the individuals' perceptions of value and intention to accept MCM. Data from a sample of Macau residents are analyzed by means of structural equation modeling (SmartPLS). The results support the use of the model in our context, thus extending the applicability of the VAM to other settings. Except for 'technicality', the constructs of 'usefulness', 'enjoyment', and 'perceived fee' had a significant impact on the overall 'perceived value' of MCM, and in turn on the behavioral intention to use the innovation. To facilitate the diffusion of this dosage method in the marketplace, it is suggested that communications strategies consider the proposed sources of value when promoting MCM. To further explain the adoption process, it is recommended to include additional factors that may affect consumers' intention to adopt the innovation and extend the analysis to the actual usage.

Consumer purchase intention towards floral products: a study based on the five consumption values - Lei, Si Nga (University of Saint Joseph, 2023)
This dissertation focused on the consumers’ consumption behavior in Macau flower retailers. It revealed what factors affect consumers’ choice of flower shops during purchase. Also, what contributes to the customers’ loyalty towards a flower retailer by having interviews with the female target groups aged between 20 to 50 who work in the office. This study is important to the flower business owner because the result can allow them to understand the thoughts and feelings of their consumer. By interviewing 11 heavy users of floral products with 16 questions based on the five consumption values, we can communicate with the consumers directly and learn the reasons behind their purchasing behavior. Questions have been divided into 5 consumption values according to the previous research by (Sheth, Newman, & Gros, 1991), including functional, conditional, social, emotional, and epistemic values. The research has collected data on how and at what level these values may affect consumer consumption choices individually. The finding part analyzed the reason why those values affect consumers’ choices. Most of the interviewees stated that service is the most important compared to quality because the owner should be enthusiastic to provide product information and understand the consumer very well to impress and retain them with good personal service
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph; consumption behavior; floral product; purchase intention

Consumer Purchase Intention towards Floral Products: A Study Based on the Five Consumption Values - Lei, Si Nga; Phillips, Jenny O. L. (Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 2024)

CONSUMER PROTECTION POLICY IN MACAO'S FINANCIAL SERVICES SECTOR: ANALYSIS OF THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES IN COMPARISON TO GLOBAL PRACTICES - Kuan, Ho Tong (University of Saint Joseph, 2024)
This research is to assess the current status quo, strengths, and weaknesses of financial consumer protection mechanisms in Macao. According to the World Bank, financial consumer protection can bring positive impact on the development of financial sector, broadening financial inclusion and fostering economic growth. In 2022, under the backdrop of COVID-19 and downturn in economy, Macao Government announced its ambition to recover and diversify the economy of Macao by leveraging “1+4” Diversified Development Strategy, in which developing modern finance is one of the main priorities. The new Financial System Act took into effect on 1st November 2023 and this Act will enable non-financial institutions to apply for temporary licenses on fin-tech innovations within a controllable risk area. In the local context, does Macao have a strong financial consumer protection mechanism in place to goal for developing modern finance and face challenges brought by fin-tech? In this research, a mixed method consisting of doctrinal legal research method and comparative legal research method is adopted. 10 jurisdictions (Ireland, Singapore, Australia, United Kingdom, Malaysia, Hong Kong, China, European Union, Canada, and United States) were selected in comparison of rights for financial consumer protection based on the G20/OECD High-Level Principles on Financial Consumer Protection and the results of which were then compared to the rights for financial consumer protection in Macao. The findings of this study show that the main strength of financial consumer protection mechanisms in Macao lies on the supervision of the Monetary Authority of Macao (AMCM) on the banking sector and insurance sector, other financial institutions according to international principles; however, the in-depthness of work done by Macao in financial consumer protection is not as much as those done by other jurisdictions: in Macao, there is no policyholder protection scheme in the event of failure of insurance companies; no mystery shopping and consumer survey done by oversight bodies; narrow range of definition of vulnerable consumers; no financial literacy survey; no in-depth competition law; no in-depth guidelines to monitor advertising materials for financial products; no database for consumers to search for unregulated firms and scammers; no in-depth financial educational materials about the rights of financial consumers. It is recommended that Macao Government can learn from United Kingdom, Canada and European Union to adopt behavioural insights in developing financial consumer protection policy to protect financial consumers from being exploited by the financial service providers based on the consumers’ behavioural biases. Some literature suggested that consumers are vulnerable in digital landscape. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that Macao Government shall take proactive actions to strengthen the current financial consumer protection mechanism by adhering to the G20/OECD High-Level Principles on Financial Consumer Protection, in order to develop modern finance and protect consumers from the risks posed by fin-tech
Keywords: Macao; Thesis and Dissertations Master of Lusophone and International Public Law(MLIPL); University of Saint Joseph; financial consumer protection; financial education; financial inclusion; financial literacy

Consultants report: develop a questionnaire to test intention to participate in sweepstakes: to enable a local FMCG company to test the mass market in Macau - Chan, Yee Yee (University of Saint Joseph, 2010)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Constructing an aesthetic discourse: Aesthetic education where Daoism meets postmodernism - Ho, Ka Lee Carrie (Education Inquiry, 2022)
Despite the prevalence of aesthetic education as one of the main developmental objectives in curricular worldwide, the mainstream philosophical discourse on its definition is predominately framed by western philosophy due to a paucity of cross-cultural studies on the subject. The article aims to achieve a contemporary understanding of aesthetic education from both the Chinese and Western aesthetic perspectives. Through the lens of postmodernism, the relationship between Daoist aesthetics and the western postmodern aesthetic perspectives, particularly the Deleuzian concept of rhizome, is identified. Both aesthetic perspectives concern de-authorship and promote self-consciousness/self-awareness. The study reconceptualises the functions of aesthetic education with the Chinese aesthetic philosophy that promotes the nurture of better people through benevolence.
Keywords: Aesthetic experiences; Daoism; Deleuze; aesthetic environments; rhizome

Constraints of Fe-S-C stable isotopes on hydrothermal and microbial activities during formation of sediment-hosted stratiform sulfide deposits - Qiu, Wenhong Johnson; Zhou, Mei-Fu; Li, Xiaochun; Huang, Fang; Malpas, John (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2021)
Microbial and hydrothermal venting activities on the seafloor are important for the formation of sediment-hosted stratiform sulfide (SHSS) deposits. Fe isotopic compositions are sensitive to both microbial and hydrothermal activities and may be used to investigate the formation of these deposits. However, to the best of our knowledge, no Fe isotopic studies have been conducted on SHSS deposits. In the Devonian Dajiangping SHSS-type pyrite deposit (389 Ma), South China, laminated pyrite ores were precipitated from exhalative hydrothermal fluids, whereas black shales were deposited during intervals with no exhalation. Pyrite grains from black shales mostly display positive δ56Fe-py (0.01–0.73‰), higher than marine sediments (ca. 0‰), due to pyrite deriving Fe from basinal shuttled Fe(III) (hydr-)oxides and slowly crystallizing in pores of sediments with equilibrium fractionation, except for negative δ56Fe-py (−0.17‰ to −0.24‰) of two samples caused by mixing of Fe from underlain laminated ores. The positive δ34S-py (3.50–24.5‰) of black shales reflect that sulfur of pyrite originated from quantitative reduction of sulfate in closed pores of sediments. In contrast, pyrite grains of laminated ores have negative δ56Fe-py (−0.60‰ to −0.21‰), which were not only inherited from the negative δ56Fe of hydrothermal fluids but also caused by kinetic fractionation during rapid precipitation of a pyrite precursor (FeS) in hydrothermal plumes. These ores have negative δ34S-py (−28.7‰ to −1.82‰), because H2S for pyrite mineralization was produced by bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) in a sulfate-rich seawater column or shallow sediments. The δ56Fe-py values of laminated ores co-vary positively with δ34S-py and δ13C-carbonate along the ore stratigraphy, with δ13C-carbonate values ranging from −12.0‰ to −2.50‰. However, they correlate negatively with aluminum-normalized total organic carbon (TOC/Al2O3). Organic carbon is thus considered to enhance the production of H2S by BSR activities, increase pyrite precipitation rates and promote the expression of kinetic fractionation of Fe isotopes. Intriguingly, in the ore units with vigorous hydrothermal venting activities, δ56Fe-py, δ34S-py and δ13C-carbonate values display a consistently increasing trend. Such results suggest that venting hydrothermal fluids significantly inhibited the H2S production of BSR, which then reduced the pyrite crystallization rate and decreased the kinetic fractionation of Fe isotopes. Our study reveals that the formation of SHSS deposits relies on H2S from microbial activities and metals from hydrothermal exhalation on the seafloor, but that vigorous exhalation can inhibit microbial activities and thus sulfide precipitation rates. The integrated use of Fe, S, and C isotopes can effectively elucidate these dynamic interactions between hydrothermal venting and microbial activities during the formation of SHSS deposits.
Keywords: Iron isotope; Isotope fractionation; Sediment-hosted stratiform sulfide deposit; Sulfur isotope

Connectivism and the Use of Technology/Media in Collaborative Teaching and Learning - Thota, Neena (New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 2015)
This chapter explores the ways in which a relational understanding of the education process and the use of collaborative technologies in the connectivist tradition might inform and transform university teaching.

Connecting Neuromarketing and AI - a path to new insights and analysis - Marques, J. A. L. (Neuromarathon, 2023)

Conflict resolution among adolescents in Macao - Fong, Kit Leng (University of Saint Joseph, 2014)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Couselling and Psychotherapy (MCP); University of Saint Joseph

Conflict between affective versus continuance commitment among casino dealers - Kuok, A. C. H; Taormina, Robert J. (Evidence-based HRM: a Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship, 2015)
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the extent of the reported low affective commitment compared to continuance commitment of Chinese casino dealers, to discern if there is a significant difference between the two types of commitment, and to identify factors that could explain the difference between them. Design/methodology/approach – Questionnaire data were obtained from 247 Chinese casino dealers working for the three major casino groups in Macau. Correlations and regressions were used to analyze the data. Findings – Dealers’ affective commitment was significantly lower than their continuance commitment, suggesting dealers do not like their jobs but do not leave them, which indicates they have cognitive dissonance about their jobs. Organizational socialization, organizational support, and supervisor integrity were positively correlated with affective commitment; while value of money, pay satisfaction, and neuroticism, were positively correlated with continuance commitment. Organizational support was the strongest predictor of affective commitment, while the value they place on money was the strongest predictor of continuance commitment. Practical implications – Casino managers could improve dealers’ affective commitment by facilitating their organizational socialization, especially training and rewards for their work, providing greater organizational support, and fair and supportive treatment from their supervisors. Originality/value – This is the first study to provide evidence of the difference between affective and continuance commitment in Chinese society, and identifies factors that influence each type of commitment, and may help resolve the employees’ dilemma about their jobs, which is an important concern for Chinese managers.

Conditional internationalism in Macau - Morrison, Keith (Macau Business, 2023)
Macau, Macau Business, MAG, MB, MB Featured, Opinion | Just when diversification is the name of the game in Macau, and with the manifold benefits of diversity that internationals can bring, how sensible is it to treat its international non-resident workers so poorly, and with lamentable transparency and accountability?

Concordância verbal - Baxter, A. N.; Lopes, N. (Tânia Lobo (ed.) O português escrito por afro-brasileiros no século XIX: atas de reuniões da Sociedade Protetora dos Desvalidos, 2018)

Conceptualizing the Second Education Circuit for China’s Doctoral Students in Asia - Ge, Yun; Ho, Kong Chong (International Journal of Chinese Education, 2019)
The quest to become research universities of international repute has led flagship universities in East and Southeast Asia to develop a new focus on attracting international doctoral students. This paper aims to understand Chinese doctoral students’ mobility in the immediate region and their education to work perceptions. The study draws from a sample of 301 doctoral students from China who were studying at five universities in Japan, South Korea, and Singapore. Analysis on students’ decision making and after-study pathways highlights the regional exchange in related areas. We argue that this regional mobility of doctoral students, characterized as the second education circuit, is facilitated by a higher education migration infrastructure with three interactively weaved dimensions: commercial, social, and regulatory. The research findings suggest the growing importance of Asia as a regional second circuit of doctoral training for students from China.

Conceptual replications, research, and the “what works” agenda in education - Morrison, Keith (Educational Research and Evaluation, 2022)

Conceptual frameworks of big data generation for Macao - Sousa, Ana Paula Soares Batalha da Silva de (University of Saint Joseph, 2015)
Keywords: Big data; Macau; Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Conceptions of giftedness in Macau - Leong, Nga Ut (University of Saint Joseph, 2018)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Couselling and Psychotherapy (MCP); University of Saint Joseph

Conception of a southern Portuguese wine: a fesibility analysis - Santos, João (University of Saint Joseph, 2015)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Computerized Systems for Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19 - Lobo Marques, Joao Alexandre; Fong, Simon James (Springer International Publishing, 2023)
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Biofeedback; Computerized Diagnostic Support; Covid-19; Signal and Image Processing

Computer Science Students' Perception of Computer Network Security - Cambazoglu, Volkan; Thota, Neena (2013 Learning and Teaching in Computing and Engineering, 2013)
In the last decade, the progress of internet technologies has led to a significant increase in security and privacy issues for users. This study aims to investigate how computer science students perceive computer network security. Thirty three students participated in the study in which we gathered data through a questionnaire. In this paper, we present an analysis that is inspired by the phenomenographic approach. Our conclusion is that the students have different levels of understanding of computer network security depending on their usage of the concepts they have learned, their theoretical or practical orientation to the subject, and their interest in the field.
Keywords: Computer Network Security; Computer Science Education Research; Computer security; Educational institutions; Protocols; Training; Wireless networks

Computer science at school/CS teacher education: Koli working-group report on CS at school - Schulte, Carsten; Hornung, Malte; Sentance, Sue; Dagiene, Valentina; Jevsikova, Tatjana; Thota, Neena; Eckerdal, Anna; Peters, Anne-Kathrin (Association for Computing Machinery, 2012)
In an international study, experts reflected on their national state of computer science education in school, and the associated situation and education of computer science teachers. While these situations are shaped by local circumstances, they are also shaped by changes in the discipline. The results of the study showed a number of recurrent themes and patterns such as curriculum difficulties, training and support for teachers, as well as the understanding (e.g. computer science vs. information technology) and relevance of computer science. The study also draws attention to initiatives that are being undertaken at the local and international levels to solve these problems. Finally, the study points out trends which are -- according to the experts asked -- likely to occur within the next few years.
Keywords: CS at school; CS ed research; CS teacher education; curriculum; goals; international comparison; pedagogy; study; topics

Computer Literacy Teaching Using Peer Learning and Under the Confucian Heritage Cultural Settings of Macao, China - Wong, Kelvin; Neves, Ana; Negreiros, João (2017)
University students in Macao are required to attend computer literacy courses to raise their basic skills levels and knowledge as part of their literacy foundation. Still, teachers frequently complain about the weak IT skills of many students, suggesting that most of them may not be benefiting sufficiently from their computer literacy courses. This research proposes an enhanced framework based on constructivist principles by using peer-tutoring to increase cost effectiveness and to improve student outcomes. Essential to this proposed model is the training of former course graduates as peer-instructors to achieve high quality learning results. At Instituto de Formação Turistica (IFT), a case study was used to evaluate its effectiveness using a qualitative analysis. In Macao, most students have a Confucian Heritage Cultural (CHC) background and the current findings demonstrate that students share more easily their learning difficulties within their group as their interpersonal relationships improve. It is suggested that since CHC cooperative learning is primarily based on bonds, students involved in this 'relationship-first, learning-second' type shared a larger amount of knowledge and social skills, a dual positive outcome. Moreover, English language is a major barrier for the understanding of the teacher’s message to Chinese students. Meanwhile, the negative Western concept of plagiarism is replaced, under the CHC, as the ‘face giving’ and it is directly based on the relationship intensity to 'help friends'. At last, peer-tutors play a key role in the student increase internal motivation regarding the joy of the learning process.

Computer Literacy Teaching Using Peer Learning and under the Confucian Heritage Cultural Settings of Macao, China - Wong, Kelvin; Neves, Ana; Negreiros, Joao (International Association for the Development of the Information Society, 2017)
University students in Macao are required to attend computer literacy courses to raise their basic skills levels and knowledge as part of their literacy foundation. Still, teachers frequently complain about the weak IT skills of many students, suggesting that most of them may not be benefiting sufficiently from their computer literacy courses. This research proposes an enhanced framework based on constructivist principles by using peer-tutoring to increase cost effectiveness and to improve student outcomes. Essential to this proposed model is the training of former course graduates as peer-instructors to achieve high quality learning results. At Instituto de Formação Turistica (IFT), a case study was used to evaluate its effectiveness using a qualitative analysis. In Macao, most students have a Confucian Heritage Cultural (CHC) background and the current findings demonstrate that students share more easily their learning difficulties within their group as their interpersonal relationships improve. It is suggested that since CHC cooperative learning is primarily based on bonds, students involved in this "relationship-first, learning-second" type shared a larger amount of knowledge and social skills, a dual positive outcome. Moreover, English language is a major barrier for the understanding of the teacher's message to Chinese students. Meanwhile, the negative Western concept of plagiarism is replaced, under the CHC, as the "face giving" and it is directly based on the relationship intensity to "help friends". At last, peer-tutors play a key role in the student increase internal motivation regarding the joy of the learning process. [For the complete proceedings, see ED579282.]
Keywords: Action Research; Asian Culture; Case Studies; College Students; Computer Literacy; Confucianism; Cooperative Learning; Cost Effectiveness; Cultural Influences; English (Second Language); Foreign Countries; Grades (Scholastic); Language of Instruction; Models; Participant Observation; Peer Relationship; Peer Teaching; Program Effectiveness; Qualitative Research; Questionnaires; Semi Structured Interviews; Student Attitudes; Student Journals; Student Surveys; Teaching Methods

Composing with Soundscapes: an Approach Based on Raw Data Reinterpretation. - Gomes, Jose; Pinho, N.; Lopes, F.; Costa, G.; Dias, R.; Barbosa, Alvaro (2014)

Complexity Theory, School Leadership and Management: Questions for Theory and Practice - Morrison, Keith (Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 2010)
Complexity theory (CT) has had a meteoric rise in management literature and the social sciences. Its fledgling importation into school leadership and management raises several questions and concerns. This article takes one view of CT and argues that, though its key elements have much to offer school leadership and management, caution has to be exercised in accepting CT too readily, as it: (1) is unclear on its own novelty, nature and status; (2) can be regarded as disguised ideology in conflating description and prescription; (3) confuses explanation with prediction; (4) is relativist, undermining its own status; (5) contains problems in its advocacy of self-organization; (6) neglects the ethical and emotional dimensions of leadership and management; and (7) risks exonerating school leaders and managers from reasonable expectations of accountability and responsibility. The article concludes that there are questions to CT at the levels of theory, ontology, deontology and ethics, but that it offers useful challenges for school leadership and management.

Complexity theory and curriculum reforms in Hong Kong - Morrison, Keith (Pedagogy, Culture & Society, 2003)

Complexities of Languages and Multilingualism - Baragül, Fernando (Educational Challenges in Multilingual Societies, ed. Zubeida Desai et al., 2010)
Complexities of Languages and Multilingualism

Comparision of modern cultural tourism in Hong Kong and Macao - Mui, Ho Yan (University of Saint Joseph, 2011)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of History & Heritage Studies (MHHS); University of Saint Joseph

Comparing Urban Rules for Urbanizing Villages in Hong Kong, Macau, and Shenzhen - Tieben, H.; Chu, J.; Soares, Nuno (ISUF 21st International Seminar of Urban, 2014)

Comparing student's learning satisfaction in lower secondary and upper secondary school education - Kong, Weng Mei (University of Saint Joseph, 2019)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Couselling and Psychotherapy (MCP); University of Saint Joseph

Comparing Online Learning Experiences Between University Students With and Without Special Educational Needs During COVID-19 - Lim, Yun Ting; Nah, Yong-Hwee; Chen, Mo (ISSN: 2758-0962 The Paris Conference on Education 2024: Official Conference Proceedings, 2024)
The aim of this study is to examine the online learning experiences of university students with Special Educational Needs (SEN), and how their experiences might differ from their typically developing peers. Fifty typically developing students (mean age = 22; 29 females) and 31 students with SEN (mean age = 22; 15 females) from a local

Comparative study: The Human rights situation in China, the USA and Europe - Chu, Pok Tou; Lao-Phillips, Jenny Oliveros (University of Saint Joseph, 2023)
This thesis mainly discusses and compares the human rights situation and the problems in China, the USA and the UK. Also, the thesis will give the solution of how to make the world's human rights situation more fairly. Because we sometimes listen to these countries use cruel ways to suppress the opponents from the news. So I think this will be very suitable for understanding the current human rights situation, problems and movements in these countries. This thesis mainly uses the secondary data analysis method to collect and analyse the data. After analysing the data, three main issues affecting human rights were identified. These issues are race, religion, and network privacy. Other important factors still influence human rights, but this dissertation focused on the three issues identified. Finally, I will give two to three recommendations to practice human rights more fairly. Although the step will be very small, we can greatly improve the fair human rights in the future
Keywords: China; Europe; Human rights; Human rights situation; Thesis and Dissertations Master of Government Studies (MGS); USA; United Kingdom; University of Saint Joseph

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON HOW CORPORATE COMMUNICATION AND MEDIA CHANGE THE WAY ENTERPRISES CONVEY MESSAGES TO AUDIENCES DURING THE PANDEMIC PERIOD AND THE POST-PANDEMIC ERA. CASE STUDY: SJM RESORTS MACAU - Chan, Hoi Man; Simões, José Manuel; Monereo, Zita Carmen (University of Saint Joseph, 2024)
This research study explores the corporate communication strategies and media shifts adopted by large enterprises in Macau during the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic era. Taking SJM Resorts, a large enterprise roots in Macau for over 60 years, as an example to analyze the shift and changes in its corporate communication practices and media usage during the pandemic and post-pandemic era. Moreover, recent literatures on related topic were reviewed to support this research. The researcher invited eight leaders from the case study to conduct semi-structured interviews for qualitative analysis, whilst to distribute 500 e-questionnaire surveys to public for collecting empirical data for quantitative analysis. Issues such as the proportion of offline and online media usage and corporate communication and media strategies and impacts were raised. The study result provides theory and practice reviews for related academic fields. Since there are relatively few research reviews on enterprises’ corporate communication and media landscape during the pandemic and the post-pandemic era at recent stage, this study can fill this gap, provide new research results to the related field as well as enrich the current literature database in related fields
Keywords: Brand marketing; Thesis and Dissertations Master of Communication and Media (MCM); University of Saint Joseph; corporate communication; digital marketing; offline media; online media

Comparative study of the implementation of the National Security Law in the SARs: A Case study of Hong Kong SAR and Macao SAR - Wu, Ka Seng (University of Saint Joseph, 2024)
The aim of this study is comparing the jurisdiction of the National Security Law in Hong Kong SAR and Macau SAR, also reviewing the practical implementation of the law in the two SARs, analyzing the Chinese government's participation in the governance of national security in two SARs, and exploring the future sustainability of National Security Law in two SARs
Keywords: Hong Kong; Macao; National Security; National Security Law; Thesis and Dissertations Master of Lusophone and International Public Law(MLIPL); University of Saint Joseph

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS IN TELEVISION JOURNALISM “TDM (TELEDIFUSÃO DE MACAU, S.A) AND TVS (TELEVISÃO SANTOMENSE)” NEWSCAST CASE STUDIES - Pinho, Silvino Vaz Sacramento (University of Saint Joseph, 2024)
This study delves into the television news practices of TDM (Teledifusão de Macau, S.A.) and TVS (Televisão Santomense) over the past five years (2018-2023), using a systematic approach, this research begins with an introduction outlining the broadcasters' contexts and influences. A content analysis of a representative sample of news programs from both channels forms the core of the study. To gain deeper insights, the research employs a mixed methodological approach. Qualitative data is gathered through interviews with the chief journalist of TVS and 150 residents from Água Grande and Cauê Districts (Angolares ). Additionally, a quantitative analysis is conducted through an online survey targeting the Community of Portuguese-speaking Countries in Macao, garnering 150 responses. The findings highlight the need for improvements to increase viewership. While both broadcasters cover similar news topics (politics, economics, social issues), their presentation styles differ. TDM and TVS adopt a formal and structured approach, but their visual storytelling techniques reflect cultural and regional preferences. The study then interprets the results, examining historical context, cultural influences, and audience preferences to understand the divergent approaches to television journalism. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights to enhance news viewership and offers a deeper understanding of the factors shaping television journalism in these two distinct contexts
Keywords: Macao; Media; Sao Tome and Principe; Thesis and Dissertations Master of Communication and Media (MCM); University of Saint Joseph; newscasts; television journalism

Community Participation of Cultural Heritage Management in a Rapid Growing Economy: A Case Study of Macao, China - Lam, San (University of Saint Joseph, 2020)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of History & Heritage Studies (MHHS); University of Saint Joseph

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN CRISIS MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF MACAO ‘s PANDEMIC MANAGEMENT DURING THE COVID-19 - Ng Pui Weng (University of Saint Joseph, 2024)
The aim of this study is to analyze the crisis management of Macao SAR and the extent to which the community were engaged in the COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control. There are some issues found that when the pandemic breaks out and after outbreaks, such as poor information communication, low efficiency of prevention and control work, unsatisfactory compliance of the public, lack of pandemic prevention materials which affect the government's control of the pandemic in the past study. In Macao SAR, densely residential areas and dense population are the main considerations for pandemic prevention and control. Communities, as the main first line of defense for pandemic prevention and control, are also the bridge for communication between the government and the residents. The community have the advantages of timely and accurate information collection and accurate implementation of prevention and control measures. In this study found that the involvement of the Macao community may not be the key to the success of epidemic prevention in Macao. Community participation also faces many challenges, such as uneven distribution of facilities and services, lack of medical expertise of community workers, shortage of manpower and other shortcomings of community participation. It is possible that the Macao community is not playing a key role in the COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control. Given this scenario, the government needs to give full play to social forces and the role of the community in pandemic prevention and control. Currently, there are few studies on community involvement in COVID-19 prevention and control. Through COVID-19, this study puts forward some ideas that the government needs to pay attention to community development and improve citizens' community awareness to promote the Macao community. Improving the Macao community is conducive to Macao in the future crisis and community cooperation
Keywords: Digital Finance; Digital Financial Infrastructure; Greater Bay Area; Thesis and Dissertations Master of Community Development (MCD); University of Saint Joseph

Community health specialist nurses and primary health care in Macao: Linking core competencies with curriculum development - Lam, Oi Ching Bernice Nogueira (University of Saint Joseph, 2012)
This study focuses on curriculum development for competency-based training of advanced practice nursing and smoking cessation in Macao. The aims of this thesis are: (a) to link the core competencies of Advanced Practice Nursing (APN) to curriculum development; (b) to make recommendations for improved specialist nurse training to address current problems of nursing; and (c) to gather data to indicate the scope and the severity of the issues related to nurse training in Macao. The thesis presents a comprehensive literature review of theoretical frameworks of competency-based nursing curricula, curriculum development and design, quality assurance, best practice in competency based models of nursing education, theories of change and innovation, needs analysis and stakeholder satisfaction. The thesis develops and implements a needs analysis and situational analysis of nursing education in Macao, using a „mixed methods‟ approach that integrates quantitative and qualitative data to identify the needs for, and perception of, core competencies in Community Health APNs by the health professionals and clients of the community. This includes an empirical survey of stakeholders, semi-structured interviews with professionals in the field of nursing and nurse training, structured questionnaires from clients, observational data on training and implementation of competency-based curricula, and evaluation of a piece of curriculum implementation of an APN training program on smoking cessation. Through action research cycles, the thesis synthesizes a range of literature and empirical data, and, from these, gains feedback for improvement and refinement of the new curriculum to be implemented. As well as conducting client satisfaction surveys of the primary health care provision and services in Macau and how these could be improved, the thesis provides the framework for a competency-based curriculum for nursing education in Macau. The thesis argues that, in order to keep abreast with current developments in nurse training and practice worldwide, it is essential for APN education and training to adopt a competency-based approach and for curricula to be framed in terms of competencies and outcomes. It indicates that these are currently under-developed in Macao, and that there is an urgent need for them to be addressed, in terms of general, core and specific competencies (e.g. smoking cessation). The thesis argues that, for such developments to iii happen, fundamental changes will be required to curricula and to APN nursing practice, as, even though there may be changes to curricula, the opportunity to put general and specific competencies into practice by APNs is currently severely restricted because of a range of constraints in Macao. The thesis argues that there is an urgent need for APNs to receive competency-based training and practice for smoking cessation, and the opportunity to put this training into practice. It indicates that even short workshops and training programs can be effective. The thesis argues that current obstacles to such practice can be identified, but that overcoming them presents serious challenges to the current system, and will require action on many fronts, including revisions to local legislation, nurse credentialing, facilitation by senior managers of the health service, and an increase in the supply of nurses. The thesis indicates that there is a strong and united will for changes to be made to bring about competency-based training, curricula and practice in Macao, but that there are many practical barriers to be overcome in order to bring about these changes
Keywords: Macao; PhD in Education (D-SE); Practice Nursing; School of Education. Education; Smoking Cessation; Thesis and Dissertations; University of Saint Joseph

Community attitudes on disability: an analysis of disability discourse in Macao newspapers - Leong, Weng Ka (University of Saint Joseph, 2018)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Communication between Chinese and Portuguese communities: case study of Macau - Lai, Chi Kei (University of Saint Joseph, 2018)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Communication and Media (MCM); University of Saint Joseph

COMMUNICARE - an Interactive Multisensory Application to Care for Trees in Macao - CHEONG, WENG IAN (University of Saint Joseph, 2023)

Comment on ''Generalized James' effective Hamiltonian method'' - Rosado, W.; Arraut, Ivan (Physical Review A, 2023)
In the paper carried out by Wenjun et al. [Phys. Rev. A 95, 032124 (2017)], a generalization of the James effective dynamics theory based on a first version of the James method was presented. However, we contend that this is not a very rigorous way of deriving the effective third-order expansion for an interaction Hamiltonian with harmonic time-dependence. In fact, here we show that the third-order Hamiltonian obtained by Wenjun et al. is not Hermitian for general situations when we consider time dependence. Its non-Hermitian nature arises from the foundation of the theory itself. In this comment paper, the most general expression of the effective Hamiltonian expanded up to third order is obtained. Our derived effective Hamiltonian is Hermitian even in situations where we have time dependence.

College Students’ Attitudes Toward Counseling for Mental Health Issues in Two Developing Asian Countries - Kuok, A. C. H; Rashidnia, J (Spritual Psychology and Counseling, 2019)

College choice: how students in Macau choose thier higher education institution - Coimbra, Diamantina Luiza do Rosario Sa (University of Saint Joseph, 2002)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Cognitive Science of Religion and Classical Theism: A Synthesis - McNabb, Tyler Dalton; DeVito, Michael (Religions, 2022)
Launonen and Mullins argue that if Classical Theism is true, human cognition is likely not theism-tracking, at least, given what we know from cognitive science of religion. In this essay, we develop a model for how classical theists can make sense of the findings from cognitive science, without abandoning their Classical Theist commitments. We also provide an argument for how our model aligns well with the Christian doctrine of general revelation.

COGNITIVE PROCESSES IN ENGLISH SOURCE-BASED WRITING OF MACAO ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (EFL) UNIVERSITY STUDENTS - Peralta, Rachel Luna (University of Saint Joseph, 2024)
Source-based summary writing is an important aspect of academic writing at the undergraduate level; it includes summarizing and paraphrasing when producing texts in essay, report, or thesis formats. For university students whose second language or foreign language is English, source-based writing can be a challenging task as it involves and requires complex cognitive processes as well as reading-and-writing demands. Organized into three phases, this mixed method, small-scale exploratory feasibility case study investigated: (i) challenges and difficulties in online and offline English source-based summary writing of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) university students in Macao, identifying the cognitive and writing processes they experienced in a timed reading-writing task; and (ii) how to design and conduct interventions that could be used to diagnose, assess, and address essay challenges in source-based summary essay writing in everyday classroom sessions. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected through a summary online writing essay using Inputlog, a keystroke logging software, and retrospective think-aloud protocol in Phase One, a source-based summary essay writing task in a quasi-experiment in Phase Two, and a survey questionnaire and error analysis of pre-test and post-test essays of the control and experimental groups in Phase Three. The processes of reading and writing in English were found to be challenging and complex for EFL university students to perform in a limited time. As an initial exploratory feasibility, efficacy trial, deliberately small scale to address issues of risk, this study found that the diagnostic assessment tools and interventions had the potential to improve the summary writing processes and proficiency of EFL students, focusing on their cognitive writing skills in everyday class sessions. The thesis recommends scaling up the research in future studies, in terms of sampling and the duration of interventions designed to improve source-based summary essay writing and the cognitive writing processes that are part of this
Keywords: EFL university students; Thesis and Dissertations PhD in Education (D-SE); University of Saint Joseph; cognitive processes; source-based writing

Club Mac incentive travel consultants: a business plan thesis - U, Soi In (University of Saint Joseph, 2006)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Clothing and School Uniforms in Macau: Maria João Nunes Das - Das, Maria João Nunes (University of Saint Joseph, 2022)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Climate Alarmism or Lukewarming? How So-Called American Conservatives Should Think About Climate Change - McNabb, T. D; Devito, M (Ethics & the Environment, 2022)
In this essay we argue that, based on current scientific data, the most prudential course of future actions that an American conservative can take, is one that assumes what we call climate change alarmism. In order to establish this thesis, we first provide a basic overview of the relevant climate change science, as well as give an analysis of the alarmist and lukewarming dialectic (the two primary interpretations of the data). We then move to develop our environmental wager. Finally, following Roger Scruton, we end this work by proposing what sort of policies conservatives should endorse going further.

Classroom Supports For Primary 5 to Form 3 Students with Emotional and Behavioural Challenges: A Case Study Approach - Lao, Pek Weng (University of Saint Joseph, 2022)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Classroom management strategies for children with emotional challenges: voices of special education teachers (University of Saint Joseph, 2019)

Classroom management into learning: using phenomenography to analyse student teachers’ conceptions of classroom management - Correia, Ana Maria (Revista Portuguesa de Investigação Educacional, 2019)
Classroom management is a critical area in the curriculum of teacher education programs. Student teachers’ conceptions of the role of the teacher as a class leader are frequently backed by their intuition and experience as students and socio-cultural context rather than evidence-based. This paper examines the conceptions of classroom management held by a multicultural group of forty-four student teachers attending a teacher education program at a higher education institute in Macao. The study aims at understanding the patterns of variation expressed by student teachers regarding the purpose and relevance of the object of learning. It compares a) the patterns of variation in students’ views of classroom management, and b) the students’ learning progress based on the pre-and post-test. The phenomenographic approach was adopted as the conceptual framework. Participants handwritten transcripts from student teachers at the first and last sessions of the course are the primary type of data collection. The findings show that changes in student teachers’ understanding of the conceptions of classroom management occurred during the course. The initial preferences for disciplinary approaches to classroom leadership have given way to conceptions of promoting the integration of classroom management into learning. The participants expressed increasing adherence to classroom management systems targeting and providing behavioural and academic supports and interventions to children and adolescents with and without special needs.

Classroom Interior Design and Creativity: The Contribution of Multifunctional Furniture for Higher Education Institutions in Macau - Kuok, Wai (University of Saint Joseph, 2021)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Design (MDG); University of Saint Joseph

Classification of Severity of COVID-19 Patients Based on the Heart Rate Variability - Pordeus, Daniel; Ribeiro, Pedro; Zacarias, Laíla; Paulo Madeiro, João; Lobo Marques, Joao Alexandre; Miguel Rodrigues, Pedro; Leite, Camila; Alves Neto, Manoel; Aires Peixoto Jr, Arnaldo; de Oliveira, Adriel (Computerized Systems for Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19, 2023)
The continuous development of robust machine learning algorithms in recent years has helped to improve the solutions of many studies in many fields of medicine, rapid diagnosis and detection of high-risk patients with poor prognosis as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads globally, and also early prevention of patients and optimization of medical resources. Here, we propose a fully automated machine learning system to classify the severity of COVID-19 from electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. We retrospectively collected 100 5-minute ECGs from 50 patients in two different positions, upright and supine. We processed the surface ECG to obtain QRS complexes and HRV indices for RR series, including a total of 43 features. We compared 19 machine learning classification algorithms that yielded different approaches explained in a methodology session.
Keywords: COVID-19; Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal; Heart Rate Variability (HRV) indices; Severity; Signal processing

Classification of COVID-19 CT Scans Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Transformers - Bernardo Gois, Francisco Nauber; Lobo Marques, Joao Alexandre; Fong, Simon James (Computerized Systems for Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19, 2023)
COVID-19 is a respiratory disorder caused by CoronaVirus and SARS (SARS-CoV2). WHO declared COVID-19 a global pandemic in March 2020 and several nations’ healthcare systems were on the verge of collapsing. With that, became crucial to screen COVID-19-positive patients to maximize limited resources. NAATs and antigen tests are utilized to diagnose COVID-19 infections. NAATs reliably detect SARS-CoV-2 and seldom produce false-negative results. Because of its specificity and sensitivity, RT-PCR can be considered the gold standard for COVID-19 diagnosis. This test’s complex gear is pricey and time-consuming, using skilled specialists to collect throat or nasal mucus samples. These tests require laboratory facilities and a machine for detection and analysis. Deep learning networks have been used for feature extraction and classification of Chest CT-Scan images and as an innovative detection approach in clinical practice. Because of COVID-19 CT scans’ medical characteristics, the lesions are widely spread and display a range of local aspects. Using deep learning to diagnose directly is difficult. In COVID-19, a Transformer and Convolutional Neural Network module are presented to extract local and global information from CT images. This chapter explains transfer learning, considering VGG-16 network, in CT examinations and compares convolutional networks with Vision Transformers (ViT). Vit usage increased VGG-16 network F1-score to 0.94.

Classical theism and Buddhism: connecting metaphysical and ethical systems - McNabb, Tyler Dalton; Baldwin, Erik Daniel (Bloomsbury Academic, 2022)
"As an atheistic religious tradition, Buddhism conventionally stands in opposition to Christianity, and any bridge between them is considered to be riddled with contradictory beliefs on God the creator, salvific power and the afterlife. But what if a Buddhist could also be a Classical Theist? Showing how the various contradictions are not as fundamental as commonly thought, Tyler Dalton McNabb and Erik Baldwin challenge existing assumptions and argue that Classical Theism is, in fact, compatible with Buddhism. They draw parallels between the metaphysical doctrines of both traditions, synthesize their ethical and soteriological commitments and demonstrate that the Theist can interpret the Buddhist's religious experiences, specifically those of emptiness, as veridical, without denying any core doctrine of Classical Theism. By establishing that a synthesis of the two traditions is plausible, this book provides a bold, fresh perspective on the philosophy of religion and reinvigorates philosophical debates between Buddhism and Christianity"--
Keywords: Buddhism; Comparative studies; Relations Theism; Theism

Class size, student achievement and pedagogical principles - Noruega, Charlot Francisca Fernandes (University of Saint Joseph, 2003)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

City guide publications shift towards digital platform a case study in Macau - U, Sou Mui (University of Saint Joseph, 2016)
Keywords: City planning; Macau; Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Citizenship and multiculturalism: towards an agenda for education for Macau - Chan, Chi Hou (University of Saint Joseph, 2002)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Citizens' satisfaction with the services delivered by IACM-HAWKER Management Services - Hong, Mei On (University of Saint Joseph, 2017)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Government Studies (MGS); University of Saint Joseph

Church in the Making: An Apophatic Ecclesiology of Consubstantiality - Eleutério, João Marques (Theological Studies, 2017)

Chromosome-level reference genome of the Siamese fighting fish Betta splendens, a model species for the study of aggression - Fan, Guangyi; Chan, Judy; Ma, Kailong; Yang, Binrui; Zhang, He; Yang, Xianwei; Shi, Chengcheng; Law, Henry; Ren, Zhitao; Xu, Qiwu; Liu, Qun; Wang, Jiahao; et al. (GigaScience, 2018)

Christianity in Burma / Myanmar - (1600-2007): on the resilience of culture in evangelization - Pha, Tu (University of Saint Joseph, 2008)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Religious Studies (MRS); University of Saint Joseph

Chinese values and perception of professional counselling service: a study among senior high school students in Macau - Chan, Pan Kei (University of Saint Joseph, 2014)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Couselling and Psychotherapy (MCP); University of Saint Joseph

Chinese shoppers' satisfaction towards western style shopping center in Macao - Chung, Chun Kit (University of Saint Joseph, 2009)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Chinese Religious Syncretism in Macau | Orientis Aura: Macau Perspectives in Religious Studies - Eh, Edmond (2017)
In this paper, I address the phenomenon of syncretism with respect to Chinese religions. An analysis of the syncretism that takes place between the three major Chinese religious traditions is first done in its personal and social dimensions. The social structure of Chinese religion is then used as a framework to understand how Buddhism and Daoism were made compatible with Confucianism. All this will serve as a background for the case study of Macau, where Chinese religious syncretism is very much alive. Three popular religious festivals are celebrated annually and simultaneously on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month, namely, zuilongjie (醉龍節) Feast of the Drunken Dragon, tangongdan (譚公誕) Tam Kung Festival and fodanjie (佛誕節) Feast of the Buddha.

“China Wahala”: the Tribulations of Nigerian “Bushfallers” in a Chinese Territory” - Morais, Isabel (Transtext(e)s Transcultures 跨文本跨文化. Journal of Global Cultural Studies, 2009)
Recent scholarly studies and media coverage have primarily focused on China’s increasing presence and sometimes asymmetrical engagement with Africa in tandem with the new trend of Chinese migration to that continent. Yet, the inverse flux of Africans to China and the emergence of African communities in Southern China over the last decades is influencing some areas of the Pearl River Delta Region, and changing the fabric of cities like Guangzhou, Macau and Hong Kong, in a way without precedent. There are representations or exotic descriptions from some mass circulation magazines and newspapers on the infamous Chungking Mansions in Hong Kong or the so-called “Chocolate-city,”an area centered aroundHongqiao, the village-district and Canaan market in the city of Guangzhou, with its arcades and strip malls filled with ethnic businesses and transnational migrants. In Macau, significant concentrations of African population of different origins are also seen in the “Papa pun” commercial center or in downtown areas. Despite many studies devoted to the “ethnoburbs” in other latitudes, only very recently, these entrepreneurial African communities in Mainland China are starting to become worthy of serious scholarly attention. Yet,there is total absence of studies dealing with the presence of more and more African students and the cultural manifestations of African communities well portrayed in the new African cinema, in music produced by Afro-Chinese bands or even singers.Besides a continuing inward flow of transient Africans who come to China for business on a regular basis, a significant number of settler African traders, particularly Nigerians, have already married local Chinese women, set up families, autonomously run their businesses without recourse to Chinese intermediaries, and established a web of informal and formal committees representing their home nations and states, to solve disputes while maintaining personal and business links with Africa. Besides, those emigrant ‘bushfallers’ who are coming to China solely for business purposes, a new form of “silent” migration of Nigerians comprising students from different backgrounds is enrolling in higher education institutions in the Macau Special Administrative Region of China. These students are coming to pursue their studies or to seek a job to pay their student fees at the margin of the PRC scholarship and stipendprograms for visiting African students that were popular in China in the 1960s and mid-1970s as part of CCP’s foreign policy for Third World aiming friendly relations with Africa. Today, these “transnational” Nigerian students are in their own way affirming their identity and difference, in southern China, in particularly in Macau SAR, thanks to their network of multiple interrelations across nation-states from Africa to Asia and to a combination of perseverance, zeal, and gentleness without subservience. Although they have not been targets for the hostility and even violence like the Shanghai incident of July 1979 or the Nanjing protests in December 1988 at Hehai University targeting African students, today these Nigerian students are facing more subtle forms of ethnocentrism and legal discrimination from immigration laws to daily practices, which always try to associate their citizenship to problematic or easy stereotypes of scam or colour. Yet, at the same time, everything seems to indicate that these newcomers are quick adapting and finding new forms of negotiating their social integration in the Chinese local society which in turn is offering more opportunities.This paper is part of a more ambitious project which aims to assess the new forms of migration from Africa to China and from China to Africa as well as their impact and contribution of globalization. First, this paper considers why and how Macau has evolved from a Portuguese outpost where slavery was a an institutionalized commodity to special administrative region of China where a new urban African community, mostly composed by Nigerian students, is in formation due to opportunities and rapid changes occurring in the region in the first years of the twenty-first century, by comparing the new to old African communities of students and business people/migrant workers from former Portuguese colonies (Angola, Cape Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe, Guinea-Bissau, and Mozambique).Finally, borrowing the title from a sequel movie with the same title of the promising New African cinema, the paper focus on the “China Wahala”or the troubles of these Nigerian students through their tales of their experiences of racism(s) and their negotiations and responses which radically contradicts not only the slogans of cultural diversity propagated by the official discourse and tourist channels as these Nigerians are confronted daily with often dramatic situations ranging from indifference and ostracism to exclusion.

China’s Approach to Sustainable Development in Free Trade Agreements - Wei, Dan; Rafael, Ângelo Patrício (Law and Development Review, 2023)
The question of how to adequately integrate environment and labor provisions in free trade agreements is still a difficult one for both States and academicians. This article explores China’s approach to environment and labor issues in free trade agreements. For reference and comparison, it relies on the European Union’s and the United States’ approaches in their respective FTAs. The article identifies China’s preference for a case-by-case approach to the inclusion of environmental chapters in its FTAs. Additionally, in most FTAs it avoids to include provisions on labor standards. These two preferences represent major divergences from the European Union’s and the United States’ approaches, characterized by inclusion of chapters on environment and labor in all their modern FTAs. The article also finds that China’s FTAs rely solely on consultations and cooperation for the implementation of environmental and labor provisions, within the framework of Joint Committees and avoid the inclusion of civil society mechanisms. Moreover, resolution of disputes relies exclusively on consultations, in a diverse procedure than the one applicable to trade disputes. Despite alignment with the European Union model, this is another major point of divergence with the United States’ model, which applies the same enforcement mechanism for both environment and labor issues and trade issues and includes the possibility of applying sanctions. Finally, the article concludes that China’s options with regards to the treatment of environment and labor concerns in its free trade agreements aligns with both its domestic governance approach and its approach to international cooperation.
Keywords: China; environment and trade; free trade agreements; labor and trade; sustainable development

China’s Aid policy approach to Poverty Alleviation in the recipient country: A Case study of the Republic of Guinea - Diakite, Ansoumane Douty (Journal of Social Studies (JSS), 2023)
This paper examines the extent to which China’s aid policies integrate poverty alleviation as a goal of their aid in general, particularly in Guinea. More specifically, the paper analyzed how aid donors focus on poverty alleviation and which policies and mechanisms are in place to address poverty in the countries receiving aid. Regarding the methodology, the author collected data from secondary sources, including government declarations of donors, policy documents at both the donor and recipient levels, as well as from scholarly publications. The following findings resulted from study:  China’s aid policies have progressively incorporated poverty alleviationobjectives and identified sectors for intervention against poverty. However, the limitations of China approach to poverty is that China adopts a top-down approach to poverty reduction and lacks of an impact evaluation mechanism based on poverty alleviation.
Keywords: Aid policy; China; Guinea; Poverty alleviation; Strategy

China-ASEAN Student Mobilities along the Belt and Road: New Trends and Implications - Ge, Rochelle (Asian Studies and Indian Ocean Summer School, Catholic University of Portugal, Lisbon, 2024)

China-Africa: emerging relations - Sousa, Ivo Carneiro de; Diakite, Ansoumane Douty; Iwaloye, Ojo Olukayode (Saint Joseph Academic Press, 2011)
Keywords: Africa China Congresses; China Africa Congresses; Relations

Children's with SEN Views About Their Experience in Inclusive Education - Lai, Hoi Lam (University of Saint Joseph, 2020)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Couselling and Psychotherapy (MCP); University of Saint Joseph

Children's Learning Interest and Social Interaction Through Play: An Action Research Case Study in A Pre-School in Macau= 運用遊戲活動增進幼兒學習興趣與社交互動之行動研究 - 以澳門一幼兒班為例 - Tang Pui I (University of Saint Joseph, 2022)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Child protection during emergencies in Fiji and Tonga: enabling, constraining or controlling children's agency and participation - Stuebing, Dennis L. (University of Saint Joseph, 2017)
Keywords: PhD in Global Studies (D-GLS); Thesis and Dissertations; University of Saint Joseph

Chew Store: a business plan - Ieong, Hio Na (University of Saint Joseph, 2014)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Chemical toxicity prediction based on semi-supervised learning and graph convolutional neural network - Chen, Jiarui; Si, Yain-Whar; Un, Chon-Wai; Siu, Shirley W. I. (Journal of Cheminformatics, 2021)
As safety is one of the most important properties of drugs, chemical toxicology prediction has received increasing attentions in the drug discovery research. Traditionally, researchers rely on in vitro and in vivo experiments to test the toxicity of chemical compounds. However, not only are these experiments time consuming and costly, but experiments that involve animal testing are increasingly subject to ethical concerns. While traditional machine learning (ML) methods have been used in the field with some success, the limited availability of annotated toxicity data is the major hurdle for further improving model performance. Inspired by the success of semi-supervised learning (SSL) algorithms, we propose a Graph Convolution Neural Network (GCN) to predict chemical toxicity and trained the network by the Mean Teacher (MT) SSL algorithm. Using the Tox21 data, our optimal SSL-GCN models for predicting the twelve toxicological endpoints achieve an average ROC-AUC score of 0.757 in the test set, which is a 6% improvement over GCN models trained by supervised learning and conventional ML methods. Our SSL-GCN models also exhibit superior performance when compared to models constructed using the built-in DeepChem ML methods. This study demonstrates that SSL can increase the prediction power of models by learning from unannotated data. The optimal unannotated to annotated data ratio ranges between 1:1 and 4:1. This study demonstrates the success of SSL in chemical toxicity prediction; the same technique is expected to be beneficial to other chemical property prediction tasks by utilizing existing large chemical databases. Our optimal model SSL-GCN is hosted on an online server accessible through: https://app.cbbio.online/ssl-gcn/home.
Keywords: ADMET; Chemical toxicity; Deep learning; Graph convolutional neural network; Mean teacher; Semi-supervised learning; Tox21

Chatting about chatting - Morrison, Keith (Macau Business, 2023)
Macau, Macau Business, MAG, MB, MB Featured, Opinion | Many employers in Macau expect their employees to have received higher education (HE). This returns to the endless question of what HE is for; is it for job knowledge and skills acquisition, attitude development, thinking abilities, creativity, problem solving, how to learn, or what? What and whose knowledge?

Charter UIA/UNESCO for Architectural Education - Mohamed, E.; Soares, Nuno; Revedin, J. (International Union of Architects, 2017)

Characterization of the Natural Soundscape of Zebrafish and Comparison with the Captive Noise Conditions - Lara, Rafael A.; Vasconcelos, Raquel O. (Zebrafish, 2019)
Zebrafish is a well-established model organism in hearing research. Although the acoustic environment is known to shape the structure and sensitivity of auditory systems, there is no information on the natural soundscape of this species. Moreover, zebrafish are typically reared in large-scale housing systems (HS), although their acoustic properties and potential effects on hearing remain unknown. We characterized the soundscape of both zebrafish natural habitats and laboratory captive conditions, and discussed possible impact on auditory sensitivity. Sound recordings were conducted in five distinct zebrafish habitats (Southwest India), from quieter stagnant environments with diverse biological/abiotic sounds to louder watercourses characterized by current and moving substrate sounds. Sound pressure level (SPL) varied between 98 and 126 dB re 1 μPa. Sound spectra presented most energy below 3000 Hz and quieter noise windows were found in the noisiest habitats matching the species best hearing range. Contrastingly, recordings from three zebrafish HS revealed higher SPL (122-143 dB) and most energy below 1000 Hz with more spectral peaks, which might cause significant auditory masking. This study establishes an important ground for future research on the adaptation of zebrafish auditory system to the natural soundscapes, and highlights the importance of controlling noise conditions in captivity.
Keywords: Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Auditory Threshold; Batrachoidiformes; Ecosystem; Environment; Female; Hair Cells, Auditory; Hearing; Housing, Animal; India; Male; Neuronal Plasticity; Noise; Saccule and Utricle; Seasons; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Sound; Species Specificity; Vocalization, Animal; Zebrafish; ambient noise; hearing sensitivity; natural habitat; sound pressure level; soundscape

CHARACTERIZARION OF ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE IN MACAO S.A.R. OVER THE PAST DECADE: IMPLICATIONS FOR NOISE POLLUTION MANAGEMENT - Deng, Ziyang (University of Saint Joseph, 2023)
With the rapid urban development, Macao SAR has become one of regions with the with highest population density in the world, characterized by high traffic flow and dense building aggregations. Noise has become one of the major environmental problems in Macao. Besides having an impact on human health and wellbeing, noise pollution is known to impact ecological systems and the image of a place. Before proposing a plan to reduce noise pollution, it is necessary to have a general understanding of the current noise levels in Macao, how they have changed over time and the main noise pollution sources and environmental concerns. This dissertation relies on the publicly available data from DSPA (Macao Environmental Protection Bureau) monitoring stations concerning noise levels over the past decade. The main research goals were: 1) Characterize changes in noise levels from 2010 to 2021 during daytime, nighttime, and full-day from multiple noise stations located in Macao, Taipa, and Coloane Peninsula; and 2) associate changes in noise levels with potential factors such as location, number of residents/tourists, number of vehicles, among others. This work provides an important framework for future studies concerning noise monitoring and mitigation strategies
Keywords: Environmental policies; Legislation; Master of Environmental Sciences and Management (MESM); Noise management; Noise pollution; University of Saint Joseph; mitigation

Changing professional identities: a qualitative study of how Singapore allied educators managed their own resistance to change - Kit, Phey Ling; Ow Yeong, Wai Mang Elizabeth; Chen, Mo (Teacher Development, 2024)

Changing minds: an analysis of the impact of the discovery learning methodologies on the student's attitude towards learning - Churchill, Geoffrey Raymond Alan (University of Saint Joseph, 2011)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Challenging arbitral tribunal jurisdiction in Macau [Practice Notes] - Diakite, Ansoumane Douty (LexisNexis, 2023)
This Practice Note considers challenges to the jurisdiction of arbitral tribunals under the Macau Arbitration Law, the scope of challenge before national courts and tribunals.

Challenges of collborataive blend learning in undergraduate students - Monteiro, Elisa; Morrison, Keith (Education Research and Evaluation, 2014)

Challenges in bridging creative education and creative industry - Chan, Kai Pang (University of Saint Joseph, 2017)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Challenges and Possibilities of Cultural Heritage: The Case of Portuguese Tiles (Azulejos) in Macau - Chu, Hou Man (University of Saint Joseph, 2023)
Macao is a city of culture, and history and culture are the wealth of Macao. Over the centuries, the exchange and transmutation of Chinese and Western cultures have given Macao a unique cultural charm, and have also formed and preserved a considerable amount of cultural heritage. Cultural heritage has received increasing attention from all sectors of the community in the tourism industry in Macao, the promotion of the preservation and transmission of cultural heritage through tourism development has become a new issue in the tourism sector. As an independent art form in the urban public space, tile painting has both practical and aesthetic functions, and is a special vehicle for the convergence of multiple cultures in the urban cultural ecology. It is also a medium through which the city's cultural message can be fully disseminated. The paper presents a detailed analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges of the development of Macao's cultural heritage tile murals, based on an introduction to the existing status of Macao's cultural heritage tile murals, using the SWOT analysis method, which provides a reference for Macao's cultural heritage tourism
Keywords: Azulejo; Cultural heritage; Macao; SWOT analysis; Strategy; Thesis and Dissertations Master of History & Heritage Studies (MHHS); University of Saint Joseph

Challenges and pitfalls of vocational education in Macao: the teachers' voices - Au, Chi Kwun (University of Saint Joseph, 2017)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Education (MED); University of Saint Joseph

Challenges and Learning Strategy for young children with special needs during the pandemic in Indonesia - Fridani, L.; Ikegami, Kiiko (Anthology Challenges in Management of Early Childhood Education during Pandemic, 2021)

Ceremonies of the Sarum Missal: A Careful Conjecture by R. J. Urquhart (review) - Morgan, Stephen (Antiphon: A Journal for Liturgical Renewal, 2021)

CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein Alpha Is a Novel Regulator of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Osteochondrogenic Transition and Vascular Calcification - Chen, Pengyuan; Hong, Wanzi; Chen, Ziying; Gordillo-Martinez, Flora; Wang, Siying; Fan, Hualin; Liu, Yuanhui; Dai, Yining; Wang, Bo; Jiang, Lei; Yu, Hongjiao; He, PengCheng (Frontiers in Physiology, 2022)
AimsVascular calcification is a common clinical complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), atherosclerosis (AS), and diabetes, which is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients. The transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to an osteochondrogenic phenotype is a crucial step during vascular calcification. The transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation, but whether it regulates the calcification of arteries and VSMCs remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to understand the role of C/EBPα in the regulation of vascular calcification.Methods and ResultsBoth mRNA and protein expression levels of C/EBPα were significantly increased in calcified arteries from mice treated with a high dose of vitamin D3 (vD3). Upregulation of C/EBPα was also observed in the high phosphate- and calcium-induced VSMC calcification process. The siRNA-mediated knockdown of C/EBPα significantly attenuated VSMC calcification in vitro. Moreover, C/EBPα depletion in VSMCs significantly reduced the mRNA expression of the osteochondrogenic genes, e.g., sex-determining region Y-box 9 (Sox9). C/EBPα overexpression can induce SOX9 overexpression. Similar changes in the protein expression of SOX9 were also observed in VSMCs after C/EBPα depletion or overexpression. In addition, silencing of Sox9 expression significantly inhibited the phosphate- and calcium-induced VSMC calcification in vitro.ConclusionFindings in this study indicate that C/EBPα is a key regulator of the osteochondrogenic transdifferentiation of VSMCs and vascular calcification, which may represent a novel therapeutic target for vascular calcification.

Causation in educational research - Morrison, Keith (Routledge, 2009)
Keywords: Causation; Education; Research

Catholic social teaching and environmental responsibility - Rothlin, Stephan; McCann, Dennis (A planetary and global ethics for climate change and sustainable energy, 2016)

Catholic schools and inclusive education in Macao: a journey of a thousand miles - Correia, Ana; Teixeira, Vitor (EDUCA - International Catholic Journal of Education, 2017)

Catholic Orders as Efficient Institutions - Rothlin, Stephan; Frey, B. S (Lumen: A Journal of Catholic Studies, 2015)

Categorization of Foreign Aid Donors: A Critical Review of the Criteria in Light of China's Reemergence as a Donor - Diakite, Ansoumane Douty; Marques, João Alexandre Lobo (Journal of Global South Studies, 2023)
Over the past several decades, the dichotomy between traditional and emerging donors has been based upon the notion that emerging donors (such as China) support authoritarian regimes and use foreign aid to pursue their economic interests at the expense of the poor in the recipient countries. Accordingly, Western donors, media, and scholars portray Chinese aid as non-poverty-focused. This study aims to review and analyze whether the dichotomy between traditional and emerging donors is still relevant in the current aid system and to propose a new and rigorous criterion for recategorizing donors. In terms of methodology, this study relies on secondary data, including scholarly works on traditional and emerging donors and foreign aid policy documents. Conclusions based on the research indicate that the divide between traditional donors and (re)emerging donors is becoming more ambiguous. The literature review indicates that the two donors’ aids had a mixed impact and that their approaches were similar. This paper highlights the importance of developing different recategorization criteria depending on the impact of aid.
Keywords: China and development assistance committee donors; aid policies; categorization of donors; sustainable development goal; traditional and emerging donors

CASE STUDY ON ART INTERVENTION WITH CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER - Wu, Hoi Pio (University of Saint Joseph, 2022)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Couselling and Psychotherapy (MCP); University of Saint Joseph

Caregivers of Persons with Neurodevelopmental Conditions: Understanding Their Perspectives of the Need of Clinical Counselling Intervention - Pagdanganan, Paula Ramos (University of Saint Joseph, 2020)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Couselling and Psychotherapy (MCP); University of Saint Joseph

Career trajectory and cross-system mobility: Career planning of doctoral students in Macao - Ge, Yun (Higher Education Quarterly, 2024)
This study investigates career trajectory and work locations of doctoral students trained in Macao and analyses how their career paths are shaped by perceived macro-level factors. Respondents from four applied disciplinary areas were selected for semi-structured in-depth interviews. Research results show that doctoral students who graduated from Macao higher education institutions enjoy good career prospects in Mainland China. Their competitiveness in the research-related job market benefits from having a multi-level support system and a training mode that promotes government–university–industry collaboration. Policies and demand from industrial sectors are involved in students' learning experience through channels such as financial support, project collaboration and networks. Doctoral students in Macao are strategic planners and actors in leveraging their human capital. As Macao becomes an emerging destination for cultivating high-level research labour, findings from this study capture a model of human capital formation in China's cross-system context.
Keywords: career trajectory; cross-system mobility; doctoral education; employability; human capital formation

Career plateau in Macau: an examination of casino frontline staff - Si Tou, Mecia (University of Saint Joseph, 2009)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Career Planning of Doctoral Students in Macau: Linking Individual Experience to Macro Picture - Ge, Yun (VHERA Symposium, 2022)

Career Development of People with Physical or Sensory Impairments in Macau - Ma I Mei (University of Saint Joseph, 2022)
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Social Work (MSW); University of Saint Joseph

Career aspirations of generation y: the case of event management graduates in macau - Alves, José (University of Saint Joseph, 2016)
Keywords: China Macau; Marketing; Organizational effectiveness; Planning; Special events; Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph

Capture and transformation of urban soundscape data for artistic creation - Gomes, Jose Alberto; Pinho, Nuno Peixoto De; Lopes, Filipe; Costa, Gustavo; Dias, Rui; Tudela, Diogo; Barbosa, Álvaro (Journal of Science and Technology of the Arts, 2014)

Can The Organisation Help? Exploring The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence, Resilience And Burnout Among Counselling Professionals With Organisational Socialisation As Moderator - Mak, Sin Kei (University of Saint Joseph, 2023)
The phenomenon of burnout has been recognised as a worldwide occupational health issue after being vastly studied for decades. Trait Emotional Intelligence (trait EI) and resilience have been identified as personal protective factors (Gutierrez & Mullen, 2016; Listopad et al., 2021), while organisational socialisation is suggested to be an organisational factor in helping people in preventing burnout (Taormina & Law, 2000). With the purpose of 1) investigating the phenomenon in the counselling profession, as well as 2) exploring how trait EI and resilience are related to burnout and whether organisational socialisation might impose moderating effects in between, the present study examined 115 counselling professionals currently employed and working in organisational settings in Macau by snowball sampling, using a quantitative and cross-sectional approach through self-reported online questionnaires. From the data obtained, different burnout patterns were observed according to job titles and work settings, indicating that counselling professionals with different specialties and work in different settings have unique sources of stress, which resulting in differences in their burnout patterns. No between-group differences were observed in age and work experience, while male participants have a higher burnout perception than female participants in the current study. On the other hand, current results suggested trait EI and four components of resilience (determination, endurance, adaptability and recuperability) are negatively correlated to counselling professionals’ burnout perception, providing supportive evidence that trait EI and resilience are protective factors against burnout. Moderation analysis results revealed that organisational socialisation has some moderating effects on the relationship between trait EI, resilience and burnout. However, differences in direction and intensity indicated that the moderating effects of organisational socialisation might be influenced by individual differences. Further studies are needed to better the understanding of the moderating effect of organisational socialisation. Limitations of the current research and implications for counselling professionals and organisations were also discussed in the study
Keywords: Thesis and Dissertations Master of Organisational Psychology (MOP); University of Saint Joseph; burnout; counselling professionals; organisational socialisation

Can the junket model be applied successfully to the slots business in Macau? - Lei, Pa Kei (University of Saint Joseph, 2012)
Keywords: Theses and Dissertations Master of Business Administration (MBA); University of Saint Joseph