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Macau is the most densely populated territory in the world, a small but complex urban landscape populated by a myriad of informal devices that produce a dramatic impact on the image and use of the city, creating an ever-present layer shaped by use. The traditional fields of architectural and urban morphology base their analysis on the private and public space, on the forms of buildings, block, streets, and squares. However, the urban landscape is not only shaped top down by market forces, governments, institutional players, but also bottom-up by thousands of small scale interventions carried out daily by their inhabitants, to solve problems or seize opportunities, on the normal process of usage. This research summarizes an extensive analysis of Macau’s urban landscape focused on this layer of appropriation, aimed to identify these shapes generated by use or, in other words, the devices that materialize the phenomenon of appropriation of the public space. They can take the shape of window cages, rooftop houses, canopies, annexes, hawker booths, and outdoor ads. SHAPED BY USE Individual designs reshaping the city – is a typo morphological essay aimed to provide a methodological tool for the analysis of such phenomena, both in this and other similar urban contexts as well as a compelling starting point to speculate on how small scale individual designs can contribute to reactivate and be harnessed to positively reshape the city.
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The study builts on Bateman and Schmidt’s (2011) and Tseng’s (2009) research on film as a form of “cinematographic document,” and continues their efforts to construct a semiotic mode of film. The author recognizes the complexity of undertaking research in the domain of semiotic discourse. This study argues that as film analysis is about ways of seeing and synthesizing different cinematic styles, strategies; learnt cinematic conventions and reflective viewing is imperative. The interaction of robust multimodal resources, well-defined analytic units, based on dependable models, and conducted through a discursive process should align to produce fruitful filmic discourse. The study premised on the assumption that film is more than a “self-enclosed signification system” but a crucial “cultural practice” that “reflect and inflect culture.” Taken together, this view underscores the importance and interactivity of cinema, culture and society. To this end, the study contributes to filmic meaning making, the New Hong Kong Cinema, and finally, the present study invariably serves as a form of “social document” or “cultural artifacts” in its exploration of Hong Kong ever changing identity, culture and moods.
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últimos assumidos remanescentes provavelmente de um território cultural antes bem mais vasto vivem atualmente nos municípios de Baía da Traição, Marcação e Rio Tinto, no litoral setentrional da Paraíba - nem sobre s seus espaços, culturas e gentes. É preciso dobrar a primeira metade do século XX para se encontrar nos títulos gerais de histórias da Paraíba alguma atenção pelos Potiguara e a sua movimentação histórica no processo longo e contraditório de formação da capitania e da instalação portuguesa na região, enfrentando primeiro a concorrência comercial e militar francesa, depois no século XVII a ocupação holandesa e sempre, até quase meados de seiscentos, a oposição muitas vezes feroz e brutal de vários grupos e milícias potiguaras. A arqueologia confirma um processo recente de formação histórica dos espaços atualmente reivindicados como originais e tradicionais pelos Potiguara. Os estudos linguísticos disponíveis sobre os Potiguara também não destacam a memória rigorosa de um espaço cultural arcano e pré-colonial. Os espaços Potiguara de hoje com este sistema de organização agrícola quase binário são tudo menos naturais. Trata-se, antes, de um espaço em recorrentes transformações históricas, demográficas, económicas e sociais que desafia qualquer ideia de um espaço ‘natural’, ‘original’ ou ‘essencial’ dos Potiguara. Seja como for, estas polarizações estruturais são historicamente aquelas que presidiram à exata produção dos espaços que atualmente os Potiguara apresentam como seus, originais, antigos e tradicionais seguindo, afinal, um modelo colonial de ocupação de espaços e especialização das gentes do Brasil.
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We know from research that there is an intimate relationship between student learning and the context of learning. What is not known or understood well enough is the relationship of the students’ background and previous studies to the understanding and learning of the subject area—here, computer science (CS). To show the contextual influences on learning CS, we present empirical data from a qualitative investigation of the experiences of Chinese students studying for a master degree at Sweden's Uppsala University. Data were collected of the students’ understanding and learning of CS, their experience of the teaching and their own studies, and of their personal development in Sweden. Using an analysis framework grounded in phenomenography, we analytically separated the what and how aspects of learning. In this article, we describe the what, or the content of the students’ learning, and identify dimensions of variation in the experiences of students. These dimensions relate to the foci of the CS programs, the learning outcomes, and the impact of the studies. The findings from the analyses indicate pedagogical and pragmatic implications for teaching and learning CS in higher education institutions. The study extends the traditional use of phenomenography through the discussion of the dimensions of variation in the experiences and the values within the dimensions. It opens the way for understanding the relational nature of learning in computing education.
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