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Abstract Earlier linguistic research suggested that Malacca Creole Portuguese (MCP) had existed without diglossia with Portuguese ever since the Dutch conquest of Portuguese Malacca in 1642, yet it had experienced some contact with Portuguese in the 19th and 20th centuries. The present study adds significantly to this discussion. It considers a range of information from sociohistorical studies and archival sources (including linguistic data) relating to the Dutch (1642–1795, 1818–1823) and early British (1795–1818, 1823–1884) colonial periods. For the Dutch period, it is seen that contact with other Creole Portuguese communities is likely to have persisted for some time. Most significant, however, is the finding that 19th century texts in Portuguese and creole Portuguese, recently identified in archival sources in London and Graz, show that Portuguese continued to be part of the Malacca sociolinguistic setting until the early British period, and that missionary Indo-Portuguese also had a presence at that time. It is concluded that, rather than presenting a narrow lectal range akin to that of the MCP community in the late 20th century, the creole lectal grid in the 19th century was more complex, and included dimensions of a continuum in a diglossic relationship with Portuguese.

Comunicar é tornar comum e informar é dar forma à comunicação. Entre um e outro vai frequentemente uma distancia que nem sempre é possível eliminar. O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar que tanto a comunicação como a informação são um espaço ao sentido da vida. Pese embora as contrariedades e obstáculos, a conivência com os poderes, os imperativos de rentabilidade, a pressão do tempo e a aceleração, os media oferecem um espaço ao espaço público, ao sentido dos fatos, à interpelação; um espaço ao sentido da vida.

In Macao, Special Autonomous Region of China, there are two professional codes of journalists: one by the Portuguese and English Press Association of Macao and the other by the Macao Journalists’ Association, and there is no regulator in the territory or anyone who administers the rules or sanctions the journalists activity. here’s also no cases of known or reported censorship. However, according to the latest human rights report for this small region of Asia, “the Government has taken steps to limit the coverage of unfavorable news”, admitting the practice of self-censorship by the media.

Virgílio de Lemos (1929-2013), poeta de vanguarda, é um dos precursores da modernidade e experimentalismo como criador do “barroco estético” que ele próprio designou como a linguagem poética marcante nas letras moçambicanas no das décadas de 50 e 60

In this paper, preliminary investigation was conducted to evaluate the potential ecological risk of heavy metals contamination in cemetery soils. Necrosol samples were collected from within and around the vicinity of the largest mass grave in Rwanda and analyzed for heavy metal concentrations using total digestion–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and instrumental neutron activation analysis. Based on the concentrations of As, Cu, Cr, Pb, and Zn, the overall contamination degree (Cdeg) and potential ecological risks status (RI) of the necrosols were determined. The preliminary results revealed that the associated cemetery soils are only contaminated to a low degree. On the other hand, assessment of the potential ecological risk index (RI) revealed that cumulative heavy metal content of the soil do not pose any significant ecological risks. These findings, therefore, suggest that, while cemetery soils may be toxic due to the accumulation of certain heavy metals, their overall ecological risks may be minimal and insignificant.

This article presents an insight into one of the regions with the fastest-growing economy, heavily based on an entertainment, gaming and tourism industry, and that is urgently looking for a sustainable model that articulates with complementary sectors within the cultural and creative industries – Macao. Macao is facing a major economic and social challenge; it has grown as a vulnerable economy relying almost exclusively on gaming revenues. Alternative activities to diversify the economy are urgently required to answer the competition risks haunting this industry. The cultural and creative industries could be a complementary activity – a vehicle for economic diversification. However, current public and private stakeholders for the cultural and creative sector might have been neglecting the unique cultural and heritage ecosystem of the territory, focusing on isolate opportunities and overlooking an inclusive and robust strategy. A sustainable model that attends to the local conditions and its people is required for alternative activities to become a meaningful sector for the social and economic development of Macao.

Over the past few years, the gaming industry has changed the face of Macao and the lives of its citizens. The liberalisation of casino licensing in 2002 and the implementation of the Chinese government's new visa regulations in 2003, which permitted many mainland Chinese to travel to Hong Kong and Macao on an individual basis, triggered an economic boom. Foreign investment increased dramatically as international companies began to build casinos and hotels. By 2006, gaming revenues had reached a record annual high of US$10.33 billion, far exceeding the US$6.6 billion made on the Las Vegas strip (Gaming Inspection and Coordination Bureau, 2008). Tourist numbers more than doubled from 11 million in 2002 to 21.7 million in 2009 (Statistics and Census Service, 2009a). Rapid economic growth has come at a price, however. There have been many social dislocations and challenges for public policy that can be attributed to the expansion of the gaming industry. A particular issue is land, a fundamental factor of production and an essential component of the gaming industry's success but in short supply in Macao. The tension between casino requirements for land and public needs spills over into debates on matters as diverse as building height restrictions, heritage protection, green space, the opaqueness of government decisions and its lack of consultative mechanisms. © 2011 by The Hong Kong University Press, HKU. All rights reserved.