Your search
Results 51 resources
-
Fish represent the largest group of vertebrates and display the greatest diversity of auditory structures. However, studies addressing how the form and function of the auditory system change during development to enhance perception of the acoustic environment are rather sparse in this taxon compared to other vertebrate groups. An ontogenetic perspective of the auditory system in fishes provides a readily testable framework for understanding structure–function relationships. Additionally, studying ancestral models such as fish can convey valuable comparable information across vertebrates, as early developmental events are often evolutionary conserved. This chapter reviews the literature on the morphological development of the fish auditory system, with particular focus on the inner ear structures that evolve from an otic placode during early embryonic development and then continue to undergo differentiation and maturation in the postembryonic phase. Moreover, the chapter provides a systematic overview of how auditory sensitivity develops during ontogeny. Although most studies indicate a developmental improvement in auditory sensitivity, there is considerably species-specific variation. Lastly, the paucity of information and literature concerning the development of auditory capabilities for social communication in fishes is also discussed. Further investigation on the development of structure and function of the fish auditory system is recommended in order to obtain a deeper understanding of how ontogenetic morphological changes in the auditory pathway relate to modifications in acoustic reception, auditory processing, and the capacity to communicate acoustically.
-
Three key concepts will make up the pillars of this paper: second, foreign and heritage languages. Whenever appropriate “additional language” will be used as an umbrella term. A study of the domains of language use will be applied to these three different sociolinguistic contexts. To date, there are not many empirical studies on the domains of language and, more specifically, among young learners in different areal contexts, as it is the case of this study. The target language of this study is Portuguese as an additional language: a second language in Cape Verde, a heritage language in the Portuguese-speaking community of Switzerland, and a de facto foreign language in Macao. The main purpose of this paper is to identify to what extent language policies promote the language use among young learners and their language choice. In order to do so, we will identify the domains of language use of Portuguese by primary school children in these three different contexts, while we have a look into the different layers according to which the policy-making is organized within the three sociolinguistic contexts. A questionnaire considering three selected domains of language use adapted to young learners, namely private, public and educational, was ministered to 591 pupils. The findings that emerge from this study show three different models based on the three fore-mentioned domains of language use: the II-model for a foreign language, the V-model for the heritage language and the X-model for the second language.
Explore
Academic Units
Resource type
United Nations SDGs
Publication year
- Between 2000 and 2022 (50)
- Unknown (1)