Artificial neural network-based approaches for computer-aided disease diagnosis and treatment

Resource type
Title
Artificial neural network-based approaches for computer-aided disease diagnosis and treatment
Abstract
The adoption of computer-aided diagnosis and treatment systems based on different types of artificial neural networks (ANNs) is already a reality in several hospital and ambulatory premises. This chapter aims to present a discussion focused on the challenges and trends of adopting these computerized systems, highlighting solutions based on different types and approaches of ANN, more specifically, feed-forward, recurrent, and deep convolutional architectures. One section is focused on the application of AI/ANN solutions to support cardiology in different applications, such as the classification of the heart structure and functional behavior based on echocardiography images; the automatic analysis of the heart electric activity based on ECG signals; and the diagnosis support of angiogram images during surgical interventions. Finally, a case study is presented based on the application of a deep learning convolutional network together with a recent technique called transfer learning to detect brain tumors using an MRI images data set. According to the findings, the model has a high degree of specificity (precision of 0.93 and recall of 0.94 for images with no brain tumor) and can be used as a screening tool for images that do not contain a brain tumor. The f1-score for images with brain tumor was 0.93. The results achieved are very promising and the proposed solution may be considered to be used as a computer-aided diagnosis tool based on deep learning convolutional neural networks. Future works will consider other techniques and compare them with the one presented here. With the comprehensive approach and overview of multiple applications, it is valid to conclude that computer-aided diagnosis and treatment systems are important tools to be considered today and will be an essential part of the trend of personalized medicine over the coming years.
Book Title
Cognitive and Soft Computing Techniques for the Analysis of Healthcare Data
Series
Intelligent Data-Centric Systems
Publisher
Academic Press
Date
2022-01-01
Pages
79-99
Language
en
ISBN
978-0-323-85751-2
Accessed
9/21/22, 2:36 AM
Library Catalog
ScienceDirect
Citation
Marques, J. A. L., Gois, F. N. B., Madeiro, J. P. do V., Li, T., & Fong, S. J. (2022). Artificial neural network-based approaches for computer-aided disease diagnosis and treatment. In A. K. Bhoi, V. H. C. de Albuquerque, P. N. Srinivasu, & G. Marques (Eds.), Cognitive and Soft Computing Techniques for the Analysis of Healthcare Data (pp. 79–99). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-85751-2.00008-6