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This dissertation identifies factors driving consumer shopping behavior within the realm of live-streaming commerce, an area fast emerging in the e-commerce domain. Live-streaming shopping or commerce involves real-time interaction and entertainment with traditional online shopping, forming a unique endogenous environment where consumers can contact sellers or influencers directly. The study employed quantitative surveys that identified some of the main determining factors of consumer behavior within this context. The findings show that the significant factors in determining consumer behavior are trust and engagement, which are strongly influenced by the credibility and authenticity of the live streamer. Another significant finding is the role of social interaction and community building in providing consumers with a sense of belonging and validation, enhancing their confidence and purchase intention. Moreover, it highlights how marketing strategies of flash sales, limited-time offers, and partnerships with influencers make their way into the system to help invoke engagement and impulsive buying behavior among consumers. The implications of these findings extend to e-commerce platforms and marketers. Any improvements in features leading to trust, engagement, and interactivity within the community would drive higher customer satisfaction and sales. According to researchers, working partnerships with believable influencers and more extensive integrations of real-time marketing might further activate live-streaming commerce. This study thus fills a gap in the existing body of literature by detailing the drivers of consumer behavior toward live-stream commerce. It also identifies areas of future research on the current studies, including developing technologies and the cultural variances in the impact of live-stream commerce, including ethical considerations. These results are principle for guiding work on potential live-stream commerce in the digital age for anybody from workers to academicians

The current study aimed to analyse the differences in the internalising problems including anxious/depressed, withdrawn-depressed and somatic complaints, from the perspective of parents and high school students. Considering varying levels of academic achievement. Additionally, the gender differences in the level of internalising problems will also be examined. Finally, we analysed the different perspectives of parents and high school students according to internalising problems. The Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA) was used for data collection in Macao. The sample consisted of 698 high school students (316 males and 382 females). There were no significant differences in internalising problems according to three levels of academic achievement (low, average and high) from the perspective of parents and high school students. Furthermore, from the high school students' perspectives, adolescent females present more interesting problems than males. Finally, the findings indicate a low agreement between parents and students concerning internalising problems. It is suggested that parents should learn and explore different parenting styles in order to reduce their children's internalising problems.

In Macao, the curriculum guidance based on games as the basic learning method in early childhood education, that has been in place for almost 10 years. In recent years, there are many studies in Macao which have proved the positive impacts of implementing gamification for children's learning. Under gamification for learning education policy implemented by the government, the purpose of this study is to explore the teachers’ current situation of implementing gamification for children’s learning in an inclusive classroom. This study focuses on Macau kindergarten teachers to explore their current situation of implementing gamification for children’s learning in an inclusive classroom. The research is divided into four aspects to conduct the explanation and elaboration: firstly, the aspect of teachers’ cognition of gamification for children’s learning, secondly, the aspect of their attitude towards the implementation of gamification for children’s learning in an inclusive classroom, thirdly, the aspect of the challenges or difficulties encountered in practices, and fourthly, the teachers’ strategies to cope with challenges. Through the method of semi-structured in-depth interviews of qualitative research, are the perspectives and opinions of 14 kindergarten teachers, from 10 schools that provide inclusive education services in Macao. The results are as follows: Firstly, the teachers have a clear understanding of the connotation of gamification for children’s learning in general. They understand that the games must be designed, based on the teaching objectives and teaching content. The teachers also recognize that gamification for learning has two characteristics of both education and pleasure. Secondly, regarding the attitude of teachers, most of them hold a positive attitude towards this approach, which can be attributed to the positive impact of gamification for learning on students with special educational needs, the school’s supporting system, parents’ trust, and the accumulation of practical experiences. However, one of the teachers does not agree with the implementation of gamification for student’s learning in an inclusive classroom, and holds a negative attitude of passive acceptance, which can be attributed to the lack of teaching strategies to support students with special educational needs as they participate in games, the relevant training experiences are not helpful, and unfavorable with school policies. Thirdly, in regards to the challenges faced by teachers implementing this approach, there are six aspects: firstly, it is challenge to support the whole class students participation in a gamification activity; secondly, it is difficult to design the playing method of games; thirdly, the negativity influence of gamification for learning increases the burden of classroom management; fourthly, it is necessary to support students with special educational needs to participate in games; fifthly, there might be some misunderstandings of gamification for learning from peer teachers or parents; sixthly, classrooms are limited with space and the resources of schools are insufficient. Fourthly, as for teachers’ strategies to cope with challenges, the strategies used by teachers are related to their attitudes. When teachers have a positive attitude to the approach, they are willing to try and solve the difficulties while implementing gamification for children’s learning with positive strategies. Vice versa, if teachers have a passive acceptance attitude, they may struggle to establish effective coping strategies. Finally, according to the results of this study, the researcher summarized the issues that need to be further addressed, and made several specific suggestions for the government, schools and teachers to implement gamification for children’s learning in future. At the same time, according to this study, the researcher would also like to make some suggestions for a future study, which can provide some references for the scholars of the related research field. 澳門幼兒教育階段以遊戲為基本學習方式的課程指引將近有10年時間，近年本土也有不少研究證實遊戲教學法應用於孩子的學習上，能帶來正面的影響。在政府推行遊戲為本的教育方針下，本研究目的旨在探討幼稚園教師對應用遊戲教學法於融合教育班的現況。 本研究以澳門幼稚園教師為焦點，探討其對遊戲教學法應用於融合教育班的實踐現況，分為四方面論述，一是教師對遊戲教學法的認知層面，二是其對遊戲教學法應用於融合教育班的態度，三是其實踐過程遇到的挑戰或困難，四是其應對挑戰的策略。透過質性研究的半結構式深度訪談法，了解來自本澳10所有參與融合教育學校的14位幼稚園教師之想法及意見。研究結果如下： 第一，整體教師能釐清遊戲教學法的內涵，明白遊戲活動須按從教學目標及教學內容為依據，其普遍認同遊戲教學法兼具教育性與愉悅性的特色。 第二，關於教師態度方面，大部份教師抱持積極正向的態度，歸其原因包括肯定遊戲教學法對特殊教育需要學生的正面影響、校方支持體系、家長的信任、實踐經驗的累積；同時，亦有個別教師是不贊成遊戲教學法應用於融合教育班，抱持被動接納的負向態度，歸其原因包括缺乏支援特殊需要學生參與遊戲的策略、相關培訓經歷幫助不大、學校政策的不利因素。 第三，關於教師面對的挑戰，包括六方面，一是遊戲活動需支持全班參與，二是難以構思遊戲活動的形式；三是遊戲教學負面的影響造成課堂管理的負擔；四是需要支援特殊需要學生在遊戲活動的狀況；五是同儕教師或家長對遊戲教學的誤解；六是教室空間狹窄以及學校資源配備不足。 第四，關於教師應對挑戰的策略，教師使用的策略與教師態度相關，當教師抱有積極正向的態度，便具信心，並會嘗試以正向的策略解決遊戲教學的困難；反之亦然，若教師產生被動接納的態度，便會感到退縮，未能建立有效的應對策略。 最後，根據本研究的結果，研究者總結出需進一步解決的問題，藉此對政府、學校及教師提出具體的建議，供日後推行遊戲化教學參考。同時依據本研究，提出研究展望，供未來進行相關研究領域的學者提供一些意見。

This study sought to determine the strategy that allowed the Las Vegas Sands Corporation (LVS) to attain its leading status in the casino industry and to gain insight whether this status would continue given (i) the passing of the LVS founder, Sheldon Adelson, in January 2021, (ii)the sell-off of the company's Las Vegas properties early in 2022, and (iii) the firm's greater sensitivity to events in China caused by the company's increased reliance for most of its customers on the mainland China market. The study first identified the nature of the LVS competitive advantages when Adelson was directing the firm and then assessed whether these had been adversely impacted due to changes in the firm's markets, management or strategy. The study relied initially on the work of David Baron, Professor of Political Economy and Strategy at Stanford University who as early as 1981 advanced the view that corporate strategy needed to be divided in a Marketing Strategy (MS) and a Non-Market Strategy (NMS). The NMS component for LVS was critically important since government determined who could acquire a Macau casino concession and what level of visas would be provided to Mainland China gamblers to fill the Macau casinos. The key question became the nature of Adelson's Political Effectiveness as determined by the NMS he directed towards the China market. To resolve this issue, we adopted the Wellner & Lakotta proposal to extend Porter's Five Forces analytical framework by two additional dimensions, Government Interventors and Complementor Organizations. We concluded that it was highly likely that Goldman Sachs, the long-term financial backer of Sheldon Adelson, played a significant if not the major role in the success Adelson was able to achieve in the Greater China market.

This research analyzed and compared the Instagram content of Victory Philippines and Every Nation Manila to evaluate its impact on the faith perception of university students associated with these churches. In this digital age, institutions have embraced the shift towards online interactions, including adapting religious practices such as worship services to online platforms. Religious organizations are navigating the dynamics between online and offline communication methods as they adapt to engaging with their audience through social media channels. While previous research has delved into online religious content and virtual church services, no prior studies have specifically compared the social media communication strategies of Every Nation churches in Manila, Philippines, and Macau. The research employed a mixed-method approach, compromising interviews, focus groups, and quantitative content analysis. As per the interviews, these took place with four pastors and four media content creators within the Metro Manila region of Every Nation Philippines, commonly recognized as Victory Philippines, and one pastor and one content creator of Every Nation Macau. These interviews helped gather insights into their thought processes and analyze their social media strategies and plans. Three distinct focus group discussions were carried out, involving 15 undergraduate students from Manila and Macau affiliated with Victory Philippines and Every Nation Macau. The participants were equally divided into three groups. These students also actively engage with the Victory Philippines and Every Nation Macau Instagram posts. These focus group discussions were employed to analyze patterns to understand their thought processes. Furthermore, a quantitative content analysis was carried out on Victory Philippines and Every Nation’s Instagram account as part of the study. Despite the active engagement on social media platforms by Victory Philippines and Every Nation Macau, both organizations maintained a strong offline church community. Interviews conducted indicated that the online activities of these churches significantly influenced the faith of students, while their spiritual growth was further supported by an inclusive offline community. This approach exemplified a multi-generational ethos, fostering collaboration between younger and older members towards the shared objective of evangelism. This research validates the Figuring and Disfiguring theoretical framework of Taylor (2007, apud Åhman and Thorén, 2021). The results of the empirical data may provide strong practical guidance to churches of any size as they build and develop their online presence while strengthening their offline presence

This dissertation explores Macao residents' experiences and perspectives regarding Macao's public policies and infrastructure for electric vehicles. It delves into residents' viewpoints on the effectiveness of electric vehicle policy implementation, the layout and convenience of public facilities such as charging stations and designated parking spaces for electric vehicles, and their actual experiences and feedback while using electric cars. This study is significant because it provides valuable insights into Macao residents' fundamental attitudes and needs toward electric vehicle policies and public facilities. By understanding these perspectives, policymakers can make more informed decisions to optimize electric vehicle policies and improve public facilities, ultimately promoting the healthy development of the electric vehicle market in Macao and facilitating the construction of a green transportation system. In terms of research methods, this study primarily employed questionnaires to collect data from road users in Macao. The questionnaires were designed to gather comprehensive information on their experiences and feedback related to electric vehicle policies, infrastructure, and usage. The findings of this study are intriguing. Firstly, it was discovered that Macao residents have a relatively low awareness of electric vehicle policies, but generally, they believe these policies contribute to environmental protection. Secondly, regarding public facilities, some residents reported issues such as uneven distribution and insufficient number of charging stations, as well as inadequacies in using and managing designated parking spaces for electric vehicles. Additionally, residents provided specific opinions and suggestions regarding the purchase costs of electric vehicles and government subsidy policies. Based on these findings, my conclusion is that there is an urgent need to optimize and improve Macao's electric vehicle policies and public facilities. Policymakers should increase publicity efforts to raise residents' awareness of electric vehicle policies and reasonably plan the layout of charging stations and designated parking spaces for electric vehicles to enhance their convenience and availability. Furthermore, the government could consider providing more subsidies and preferential policies for purchasing electric vehicles to reduce the financial burden on residents. These measures will help promote the further development of the electric vehicle market in Macao and facilitate the construction of a green transportation system

Macau, a Special Administrative Region of China, is an impressive destination known for its unique blend of Chinese and Portuguese influences. With a history dating back centuries, Macau’s architecture tells the story of its rich former times. In recent years, Macau has faced a growing challenge due to its status as an overpopulated city. With limited land resources and a rapidly increasing population, there is a critical need to create additional spaces that cater to the intellectual and cultural development of its residents. Due to the increasing demand on housing, most of the available land is currently occupied and in consequence of that, the government had no choice but to develop innovative and expanding solutions. They established a ‘’reclamation area”, which is a land built from scratch that has the purpose of relieving the tension of insufficient land with entertaining facilities that can gather and attract communities. On this dissertation will concentrate on the social-educational aspects of the new Zone A development. The libraries will act as a focal center for all future residents in zone A, The fact that libraries are changing and becoming more than just places for preserving books is a major problem. It is important to think of the library as a multifunctional place that can accommodate not just traditional study spaces but also collaborative work, the development of digital media, events, and social gatherings in response to the evolving demands of the community, above all, the library should be the center for all the community involvement. Also would be used as a prototype to test this new form of library that explores the benefits and feasibility of implementing additional libraries and unusual architectural spaces in Macau while integrating them with other recreational facilities. Macau, known for its thriving tourism and entertainment industry, currently faces a scarcity of public spaces that promote intellectual and leisure activities. This study investigates the potential advantages of the implementation of recreation facilities that have the potential to meet the diverse needs of the community. To conclude, the implementation of more recreational facilities within libraries in Macau holds significant benefits for both residents and tourists. By combining these two elements, libraries can evolve into dynamic community hubs that fulfil a wide range of needs and interests.

現時澳門全力推行融合教育，促使融合教育逐漸普及化，幼稚園教師是學 前融合教育實踐的主力軍，因此在融合教育發展中，幼稚園教師的態度是重 要的因素。本研究以澳門普通幼稚園教師對融合教育的態度及面對融合教育 生的困難和挑戰為目標，透過對七位澳門普通幼稚園教師進行訪談，瞭解研 究對象對融合教育的認知與瞭解、情感體驗與支持度、行為傾向及面對融合 教育生的困難和挑戰。 從研究結果發現：在教師態度的認知分析結果中，有超過一半的受訪教師 對融合教育的認知都能夠符合融合教育的精神及理念，但是，仍然有少部分 受訪教師的認知是偏離融合教育的理念。在態度的情感分析結果中，過半數 的受訪教師對融合教育出現被動消極的負面情感，亦有近過半數教師主動積 極接納融合教育。值得一提的是，教師對融合教育的情感體驗會發生動態轉 變的特徵，當中包括教師初期對融合教育的情感是正面主動的或負面抗拒 的，經過對自身實踐融合教育後，教師會對融合教育的情感形成轉變，初期 對融合教育的情感是正面積極的教師可能因為在實施融合教育上遇到不同的 困難或問題從而對融合教育的接納度由主動積極轉變為被動消極。另一方面 初期對融合教育的情感是負面消極的教師因為在實踐融合教育後積極報名參 加與融合教育有關聯的課程，提高自我的能力，有實踐的經驗累積增強了實 施融合教育的信心後對融合教育產生了由被動消極變為主動積極的情感轉 變。在行為傾向來看，大部分受訪教師會以個性化針對性教學方式對融合生 進行教學，同時亦會調整教學環境、教學準備、評核標準調適，亦注重與家 長及駐校社工的合作溝通。 最後結合本研究結果，分別對回應研究問題提出具體的建議，旨在為政 府、教育機構、教師和學生提供參考，以促進澳門的融合教育。 Macao is fully committed to promoting integrated education and promoting the gradual popularization of integrated education. As the frontline workers of education, kindergarten teachers’ attitude towards integrated education is the key to the success or failure of the development of integrated education. This study aims at the attitudes of Macao ordinary kindergarten teachers towards inclusive education and the difficulties and challenges faced by students in inclusive education. Through semi-structured interviews with seven Macao ordinary kindergarten teachers, we have an in-depth understanding of the research subjects’ cognition and understanding of inclusive education. Understanding, emotional experience and support, behavioral tendencies, and the difficulties and challenges faced by students in integrated education. From the research results, it is found that: from a cognitive perspective, most of the interviewed teachers’ cognition of inclusive education is in line with the spirit and concept of inclusive education, but there are still some interviewed teachers whose cognition of inclusive education deviates from the spirit and concept of inclusive education. Spirit. At the emotional level, more than half of the teachers surveyed have passive and negative feelings towards inclusive education, while nearly half of the teachers actively accept inclusive education. It is worth mentioning that teachers’ emotional experience of inclusive education will undergo dynamic changes, including whether teachers’ initial emotions towards inclusive education are positive or negative. After practicing inclusive education, teachers will have different feelings about inclusive education. Emotions change. Teachers who initially had positive emotions towards inclusive education may change their acceptance of inclusive education from proactive to passive because they encounter different difficulties or problems in implementing inclusive education. On the other hand, teachers who had negative feelings towards inclusive education in the early stage have actively enrolled in courses related to inclusive education to improve themselves after practicing inclusive education. The accumulation of practical experience has enhanced their confidence in the implementation of inclusive education. There was an emotional change from passive to active. In terms of behavioral tendencies, most of the teachers interviewed will teach integrated students with personalized and targeted teaching methods. They will also adjust the teaching environment, teaching preparation, and assessment standards, and also focus on cooperation with parents and school social workers. communicate. Finally, combined with the results of this study, specific suggestions are put forward to respond to the research questions, and some reference opinions are provided for the government, schools, teachers, etc., in the hope of promoting Macao's integrated education to further progress.

In the virtual space of the Internet, the boundaries of countries tend to be blurred, and the harmful results caused by criminal acts committed thousands of miles away may very likely be close at hand, and criminal acts committed in the territory of a country may be widespread all over the world, which can be said to be a global plague in the Internet era. As a starting point for the criminalisation of cyberspace crimes, Criminal jurisdiction, which is an important form of national sovereignty exercised by a state, is an important prerequisite for a state to exercise its penal power over cyberspace crimes. Many states, out of a desire to maximise their own national interests, have made constant efforts to expand the jurisdictional scope of application of their domestic laws, resulting in circumstances of positive conflict between two or more states. Exploring possible paths to solving the conflict of criminal jurisdiction over transnational cybercrime should begin by identifying why traditional criminal law is not well suited when entering cyberspace, and by examining the strengths and weaknesses of the legislative practices of more advanced jurisdictions with regard to criminal jurisdiction over transnational cybercrime, the shortcomings of the relevant international law and the generally adopted jurisdictional principles, and the feasibility of the new international theories regarding the establishment of jurisdiction over cybercrime, as the main aspects of this study to disentangle the reasons behind the conflict in establishing criminal jurisdiction over transnational cybercrime.

With the rapid development of China's social economy, attention to children's education is also increasing. Among them, the preschool stage, the starting point of children's education, is the primary stage of children's cognitive, emotional, social, and motor skills development. At this critical time, providing children with an age-appropriate educational environment can significantly affect their personal growth, intellectual development, and emotional cultivation. Therefore, a multifunctional table that can meet the learning needs of preschool children and promote early cognitive development is essential. This work takes preschool children as the user object of our study to deeply explore the needs and obstacles of the target users. It summarizes the requirements and principles of children's furniture design based on children's physiological and psychological characteristics. A design scheme of an intelligent multifunctional preschool children's table is proposed based on ergonomics and digital technology. The objective through this work, is to create a preschool children's table that not only meets the learning needs of preschool children but also promote fun and can encourage the development of children's early cognitive ability

The gaming industry has always been the leading sector in Macau and is one of the main occupations in the region. In 2023, gaming employees accounted for 18.2% of the total employment in Macau, making them a significant portion of the workforce. Research shows that gaming employees experience high levels of work stress, which can directly affect occupational fatigue and may also trigger anxiety and depression. Workplace fatigue and emotional health not only impact individual physical and psychological well-being but also affect their families, work, and interpersonal relationships. Therefore, the emotional health and workplace fatigue of gaming employees deserve public attention. This study aims to explore the work adjustment measures, stress coping methods, emotional health, workplace fatigue, and their relationships among gaming employees. The research focuses on Macau’s gaming employees, employing a quantitative approach. Using non-random sampling, electronic questionnaires were sent to managers of Macau's six major gaming companies from October to December 2023, ultimately collecting 563 valid responses, with males accounting for 45.6% and females for 54.4%. The study utilized SPSS 23 statistical software for quantitative analysis, first conducting descriptive statistics, followed by independent samples t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and finally Pearson correlation coefficients and regression analysis. The study found differences in coping methods based on gender, age, education level, marital status, shift patterns, and monthly salary among gaming employees. Differences in workplace fatigue were found related to gender, age, education level, marital status, living conditions, years of work experience, job position, and monthly salary. Age, education level, and marital status also showed differences in emotional health. In terms of work adjustments, 67.1% of respondents took parental leave, followed by 54.2% who took unpaid leave, and 9.8% who were transferred. The average score for personal fatigue was 40.90 ± 23.125, while the average score for work fatigue was 40.62 ± 21.405, followed by client-related fatigue at 36.65 ± 21.056, and work over-involvement at 24.22 ± 18.987. The average score for depression was 10.60 ± 8.974, indicating mild to moderate levels; anxiety had an average score of 11.26 ± 8.567, indicating moderate to severe levels; and stress averaged 9.96 ± 8.418, falling within the normal to mild range. Among the respondents, 33.9% exhibited severe to very severe anxiety symptoms, while 16% showed severe to very severe depression symptoms. We also found a positive correlation between workplace fatigue and emotional health among gaming employees: the higher the level of workplace fatigue, the poorer the emotional health, and vice versa. There was no correlation between work adjustment measures and workplace fatigue. However, work adjustment measures were related to emotional health and could predict it, with more adjustments correlating to better emotional health. Finally, in terms of stress coping, the use of emotional expression methods showed a negative correlation with emotional health and workplace fatigue, indicating that the more these methods were employed, the better the emotional health and the lower the workplace fatigue. Leisure activities and online gambling categories can reduce both personal and work-related fatigue. However, online gambling and physical gambling can increase symptoms of depression and anxiety among gaming employees, while online gambling can also increase stress symptoms. The study recommends that gaming companies and relevant departments provide on-the-job training for employees, enhance skills to cope with stress, establish mental health indicators, and regularly evaluate employees to implement individualized measures aimed at improving workplace fatigue and emotional health. The results of this study can provide valuable insights for policymakers and the management of gaming establishments in Macau to formulate relevant policies to reduce workplace fatigue among gaming employees and improve their emotional health, thereby enhancing their working environment and career development. 博彩業一直是澳門的龍頭產業，是澳門主要的職業行業之一， 2023年博彩從業員佔澳門就業人數18.2%，是澳門主要的就業勞動人口。研究顯示博彩從業員的工作壓力很大，而工作壓力會直接影響職業疲勞，也可能引發焦慮和抑鬱。職場疲勞和情緒健康不但影響個人生理和心理問題，還會影響其家庭和工作，以及人際關係，因此，他們的情緒健康和職場疲勞值得社會大眾關注。 本研究旨在探討博彩從業員工作調整措施，壓力應對方法、情緒健康、職場疲勞以及它們的相關性。研究以澳門博彩從業員為研究對象，採用量化方式進行，以非隨機抽樣方法，在2023年10月至12月向澳門六大博企管理人員發送電子問卷，最終回收問卷563份，男性佔45.6%，女性佔54.4%。研究使用SPSS 23 統計軟件進行量化分析，資料首先作描述性統計分析、再以獨立樣本t檢定、其次以單因數變異數（ANOVA）、最後以Pearson相關係數和迴歸分析檢定數據。 研究發現，博彩從業員的性別、年齡、教育程度、婚姻狀況、輪班模式和每月薪酬與壓力應對方法呈現差異。性別、年齡、教育程度、婚姻狀況、居住狀況、工作年資、工作職位和每月薪酬與職場疲勞有差異。年齡、教育程度、婚姻狀況與情緒健康有差異。博彩從業員在工作調整上，放親子假最多佔67.1%，其次放無薪假佔54.2%，被調職佔9.8%。個人疲勞平均數為40.90±23.125分及工作疲勞平均數40.62±21.405分最高，其次是服務對象疲勞平均數為36.65±21.056分，工作過度投入平均數為24.22±18.987分。抑鬱平均數為10.60±8.974分屬於輕度至中度水平；焦慮平均數為11.26±8.567分，屬於中度至重度水平；壓力平均數為9.96±8.418分，屬於正常至輕度範圍。當中有33.9%的人士的焦慮徵狀顯示出嚴重和非常嚴重程度，而有16%的受訪者的抑鬱徵狀呈現嚴重和非常嚴重程度。我們還發現，博彩從業員的職場疲勞與情緒健康存在正相關，職場疲勞程度越高，情緒健康越差，反之亦然。工作調整措施與職場疲勞沒有相關性。然而工作調整措施與情緒健康存在關係，並可以預測情緒健康，工作調整越多，情緒健康越好。最後，在壓力應對上，傾訴類別與情緒健康和職場疲勞呈現負相關，並有預測效果，亦即傾訴類別使用的方法得分越多，情緒健康越好，職場疲勞也越低。休閒類別和網上博彩類別能減低個人和工作疲勞。網上博彩類別、實體博彩類別會增加博彩從業員的抑鬱、焦慮徵狀，而網上博彩類別會增加壓力徵狀。研究建議博企及相關部門為員工提供在職培訓，加強技能應對壓力，制定精神健康指標並定期為員工評估，因應個別化推出措施，改善職場疲勞和情緒健康。 本研究的結果能為政策制定者和澳門幸運博彩娛樂場管理部門提供有價值的見解，制定相關政策，以減低博彩從業員的職場疲勞和改善他們的情緒健康，改善他們的工作環境和職業發展。

The thesis identifies concerns preserving, maintaining, and developing the Catholic identity of Catholic schools in Macao, the largest providers of schooling whilst being a minority religion, and with its teachers, parents, and students coming from Catholic and non-Catholic backgrounds, cultures, and values. To understand the present situation of Catholic identity in Macao’s Catholic schools, manifesting itself in part through the Catholic ethos of schools, and to identify key features, mission, vision, values, and areas for the development of Catholic identity, together with its presence and practices, this thesis reports a study of the perceptions of, and attitudes to, Catholic identity held by three key stakeholder parties in a carefully chosen representative selection of Catholic schools: teachers, parents, and students. The thesis reports their views on what the Catholic schools are currently doing in the areas of Catholic identity, and what they consider that they should be doing in these areas. The areas of focus draw on scholarship and teachings on Catholic identity, with particular emphasis placed on documents on Catholic identity and ethos from the Vatican, Archbishop Miller, and Monsignor Stock. A large-scale empirical survey here found that there was considerable support for Catholic schools in Macao, their identity, ethos, and values from the three parties. Two emergent patterns of findings are reported concerning the steps that Catholic schools were taking to promote their identity: (a) what Catholic schools should be doing concerning Catholic identity received consistently higher scores than what they were currently doing; and (b) consistently higher support for Catholic identity came from the teachers, slightly less so from the parents, and slightly less than that from the students. The study conducted a follow-up, small-scale study to investigate why these might be the case, and it suggested that the combination of Catholic values and Chinese cultural features might explain the findings on Catholic identity in the schools. The study identifies areas for possible development of, and improvements to, the identity of Catholic schools, that take account of the local cultural contexts and the teachings of the Catholic church on identity, and how these might be addressed in practice

This study analyses how to contribute to the Portuguese cultural language in Macau. Macau has a long Portuguese governing history, which has lasted for around 450 years and formed the Portuguese cultural heritage. One of the elements is Portuguese and Patuá languages, the languages the Macau residents used to speak. Since the Portuguese and Patuá cultural heritage influence happened, the Macau government has tried to preserve the Portuguese cultural language as much as possible. In Macau, the University of Saint Joseph is a part of the Portuguese and Patuá language contribution in conducting Portuguese programmes for students. This study aims to find out how to effectively promote the Portuguese and Patuá cultural language via the Macau education system and how to benefit the development of the Portuguese cultural language in Macau. To find out the efficient way of the Portuguese and Patuá cultural language contribution at the University of Saint Joseph, we applied snowball analysis to find the key interviewees to conduct face-to-face semi-structured interviews with six interviewees. The results show that the Portuguese and Patuá cultural languages are vital to the Macau education system, especially for students learning Portuguese. For students, learning Portuguese should be compulsory in Macau

The aim of the current study was to explore the relationship between perceived organisational support and co-worker support, with turnover intentions, and the role of perceived job alternatives. Turnover intentions have been a global issue for employers. In this study, we would like to investigate whether the previous global findings could also be applied in Macao. Although some similar researches were conducted in Macau, it’s not exactly the same as ours. We would like to further focus on the front-line and non-frontline group. A quantitative methodology was applied using a cross-sectional design through an online questionnaire disseminated via social media and completed by 339 full-time workers in Macao. We found that only perceived organisational support, not co-worker support, showed a negative relationship on turnover intentions. the effect seems weak for the general sample but stronger for non-frontline workers. Concerning the moderating effect of perceived job alternatives, the analysis confirmed a significant interaction to predict turnover intentions. We discussed that employees may feel trapped in their current positions due to limited job prospects elsewhere. However, employees who perceive high levels of organisational support are more likely to remain loyal and engaged even when external alternatives are scarce. Practical implications include that it might be beneficial for both employees and organisations if organisations in Macao could develop effective human resources policies and retention strategies to enhance employee retention and mitigate the negative consequences of turnover. In this study, we confirmed a negative relationship between POS and turnover intentions, but still, the effect seems weak. The effect of POS on turnover intentions seems much stronger for non-frontline employees. We confirmed co-worker support had a negative correlation with turnover intentions, which was not enough to predict turnover simply based on co-worker support. Moreover, Perceived job alternatives are confirmed to have significant interaction with POS but non-significant interaction with co-worker support on turnover intentions

This study explores the attitudes of resource teachers toward IEPs, identifies the challenges and facilitators that influence their implementation and the overall effectiveness of inclusive education practices in Macau. The findings of the study revealed resource teachers play a pivotal role in establishing and implementing IEP for students with special educational needs. Nevertheless, it is discovered that there is little significance of IEP for catering the needs of students with SEN in the actual inclusive educational environment despite the fact that most teachers recognize the importance of IEP. Findings also revealed that the current IEP is often seen as a limited reference tool, lacking practical application in the classroom. The absence of progress monitoring and effective evaluation negatively impacts the value of the IEP. Teachers'insufficient skills in assessing students’ progress and the limited content of the IEP further hinder its effectiveness in supporting students with SEN. The study highlights the need for improvements in practicality, evaluation, and content to enhance the effectiveness of IEP oncatering the needs of students with SEN. Meanwhile, the findings revealed obstacles including teachers' lack of professional knowledge, cumbersome administrative processes, limited human resources, low parent involvement, and inconsistent progress monitoring. These challenges hinder the effectiveness of IEP implementation. Oppositely, the only key facilitator, which is student progress, allows for reflection and adjustments in teaching practices. Improving teacher training, streamlining administrative procedures, increasing resources, enhancing parent involvement, and standardising progress monitoring are crucial for optimising IEP implementation and supporting students with special educational needs.

In Macau, gaming is a pillar industry. The job performance of the employees is a determining factor for gaming and integrated resorts’ ability to improve their competitiveness in an evolving environment. Therefore, organizational behavior is an important topic for gaming and integrated resorts. In view of social exchange theory, this study takes the employees of the six gaming and integrated resorts in Macau as sampling. The study would be overviewing how psychological contract fulfillment affects their organizational citizenship behavior in the organization, and relationship between work engagement and their abusive supervision in the six gaming and integrated resorts employees in the Macau gaming and related industry. This study takes psychological contract fulfillment as the independent variable, organizational citizenship behavior as the dependent variable, work engagement as the mediating variable, abusive supervision as the moderating variable. Data was collected through random online questionnaire research method and 257 valid questionnaires were obtained. SPSS statistical software applied for reliability and validity analysis, Pearson correlation and regression analysis. The conclusions are listed in following: (1) Psychological contract fulfillment has a partial positive impact on organizational citizenship behavior ; (2) Psychological contract fulfillment has a partial positive impact on work engagement; (3) Work engagement has a positive impact on organizational citizenship behavior; (4) Work engagement has a positive mediating effect between psychological contract fulfillment and organizational citizenship behavior; (5) Abusive supervision has no moderating effect between psychological contract fulfillment and work engagement; (6) Abusive supervision has no moderating effect between work engagement and organizational citizenship behavior

融合教育作為當今教育改革的重要方向，旨在為所有學生提供公平的學習 機會，尤其是為特殊需求學生融入主流教育創造條件。儘管融合教育的概念已 經被廣泛認同，但在實際操作中，普通班教師在面對多樣化的學生需求時，仍 面臨著許多挑戰和困擾。目前已有的研究主要集中在融合教育的理論探討和政 策分析上，對於第一線教師在融合教育實踐中的實際困境和應對策略研究較 少，尤其是在澳門這樣一個多元文化背景下，相關的實證研究更為稀缺。因 此，深入探討一般班教師在融合教育實踐中的困擾與挑戰，不僅有助於完善融 合教育的理論體系，也能為實際教學提供強大的支持與指導。本研究旨在探討 普通班教師在融合教育實踐中的困擾與挑戰之現況，並進一步分析不同背景變 項的差異情形，為進一步推動融合教育實踐提供參考依據。本研究採用問卷調 查的方式，以自編之「小學普通班教師在融合教育實踐中之困擾問卷」進行量 化資料蒐集，以任職於澳門小學之普通班教師為研究對象，取得有效問卷數 150 份，有效回收率為 97.4%。問卷調查所得之資料以描述性統計、項目分析、 探索性因素分析、信度檢驗、獨立樣本 t 檢驗、和單因素方差分析等進行資料 分析。本研究得出以下結論： 一、普通班教師在融合教育實踐中之困擾情形為中等偏高程度，以「特教知 能」層面的教學困擾程度最高，而在「班級經營」層面的教學困擾程度最 低。 二、不同性別之普通班教師在融合教育實踐中整體教學困擾情形達顯著差異， 其中男性教師在面對融合教育的挑戰時，感受到的困擾更為強烈，男性教 師在「特教知能」、「班級經營」、「課程與教學」、「親師合作」和「支援系 統」五個層面的困擾得分都高於女性教師。 三、不同學校類型之普通班教師在融合教育實踐中整體及各分向度教學困擾情 形達顯著差異，私立學校教師在融合教育實踐中的整體及各分向度的教學 困擾皆顯著高於公立學校教師。 四、不同學校類型之普通班教師在融合教育實踐中整體及各分向度教學困擾情 形達顯著差異，私立學校教師在融合教育實踐中的整體及各分向度的教學 困擾皆顯著高於公立學校教師。 五、任教不同班級人數之普通班教師在融合教育實踐中整體教學困擾情形達顯 著差異，班級人數在20人以上的教師困擾程度高於班級人數在20人以下的 教師。 基於以上研究，本文提出以下建議：第一，加強教師特教知能培訓，幫助 教師掌握因應身心障礙學生需求的專業知識和技能；第二，增加資源和政策支 持，提升普通班教師在融合教育中的教學效能，確保所有學生都能獲得公平的 教育機會；第三，合理配置班級人數，提升整體教學品質及學生的學習效果； 第四，促進親師合作，提升教學質量，減輕教師的工作壓力；第五，完善支援 系統，政府和學校應提供全面的支援服務，確保教師在整合教育實踐中能得到 充分的支持和幫助。

In this dissertation, the Macau traditional printing industry between 2000 and 2023 is studied. This period is critical for the publication industry due to several key events that have transformed the landscapes of both local and global publishing. These events include the rise of the internet, electronic devices, and the Chinese economy, the establishment of the Macao ISBN Agency, the emergence of online digital platforms, and the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. This dissertation will mainly focus on written Chinese publications and consider publications in other languages as references. Governmental official data, academic literature, questionnaires, interviews, and participant observation analysis will be used as the major approaches when collecting data and analyzing the Macao publication industry. Several development and transformation strategies will be suggested. In the future, the Macau publishing industry will need to make significant adjustments to stay competitive in the market. It will need to incorporate current technologies, such as electronic platforms and Print-on-demand (POD), into the publication process. Books will exist in electronic and physical formats at different stages. Vanity in publications will also be another new trend in the future. The role of the publisher has evolved in the modern publishing industry. Participants in publishing industry will need to acquire new skill sets to adapt to the industrial transformation. Allocating resources to structural training courses will help develop talent in the publication industry during the transition. We hope to provide insights into solutions for the transformation of the publishing industry in Macao

This doctoral research delves into the transformative potential of Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain and the Internet of Things (IoT) within business management, specifically in the development and implementation of a Computerised Maintenance Management System (CMMS). It suggests that merging these advanced technologies could revolutionise maintenance management and overall system performance. The study assesses the impact on fundamental business processes within the IoT paradigm, highlighting the role of the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain network in ensuring data integrity and enhancing transparency. The integration of Blockchain protocol with IoT offers efficient data transactions, thereby improving business data management and decision-making. The research further validates the robustness of Fabric release V2.4 for CMMS development. The study concludes by emphasising the need for additional research to understand long-term implications and challenges in different business environments

This dissertation provides an in-depth valuation assessment on NVIDIA Corporation which is a leading technology company known for its GPUs, study its financial results, strategic initiatives by SWOT Analysis, and access its market positioning in semiconductor industry by using PESTEL Analysis and Poter’s Five Forces Analysis. In order to ascertain the intrinsic value and assess the future prospects of NVIDIA, the study then utilizes several financial models, Enterprise Discounted Cash Flow (EDCF), Adjusted Present Value (APV) and Discounted Economic Profit (DEP). The study presents NVIDIA is potentially overvalued