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As suicide and medical consultation rates among local adolescents in Macau rise, their mental health becomes increasingly concerning, highlighting a lack of relevant local research. This qualitative study examines the perspectives of adult helping professionals in Macau regarding adolescents' mental health. It involved semi-structured interviews with 12 professionals, including social workers, teachers, counselors, and psychotherapists. The analysis of the interview data revealed six significant themes impacting the mental health of young people: adult sensitivity to adolescents, excessive online information, the influence of peers or significant others, negative self-image and life experiences, and family and socio-cultural factors. The study's findings highlight the protective role of adult sensitivity to adolescents, the prevalence of excessive online information, the influence of peers and significant others, negative self-image and life experiences, and negative socio-cultural factors in Macau. The study underscores the societal demand for success, the need for family-friendly policies, limited public knowledge about mental health, and the protective impact of adult sensitivity on adolescents' mental health. Recommendations include that the government prioritize adolescents' needs, foster multiple abilities, enhance teachers' understanding of mental health and treatment methods, strengthen the workforce, optimize family-friendly policies, value parent-child time, and integrate emotional education courses into the educational system to boost public awareness of mental health. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners committed to improving the mental health of Macau's youth.

This dissertation conducts a comparison of French Nouvelle Cuisine and Japanese Kaiseki Cuisine, exploring the similarities and differences of both cuisines and reflecting how cultural values, philosophical aspects, and historical influences have shaped contemporary dining experiences. In the examination of both cuisines, it takes into consideration aspects such as sensory experience, plating, and their underlying philosophical principles to demonstrate the interaction between aesthetics and culture particularly in relation to the culinary arts. French nouvelle cuisine was influenced by the Enlightenment, and this type of Western cuisine highlights a focus on texture and balance in flavor, emphasizing freshness, innovation, and intellectual artistry. Kaiseki cuisine inherited the tradition of the Japanese tea ceremony and is essentially rooted in Zen Buddhism. Some of the core aesthetic concepts in Kaiseki cuisine include seasonality, simplicity, and the aesthetic concept of wabi-sabi, emphasizing how humans should live in harmony with nature. As these two types of cuisines are compared, there will also be a comparison of Immanuel Kant’s aesthetics and how it is related to French nouvelle cuisine, as representative of a Western philosophical view and this will be compared to Japanese aesthetics in general and, in particular, the views on aesthetics of the Japanese philosopher Daisetsu Teitaro Suzuki, as representative of an Eastern philosophical view and its relation to culinary arts.

his study analyzes the effectiveness of Lancôme's localization strategy in the Chinese market, and explores how international brands can win recognition and achieve sustainable development in a highly competitive market. Against the backdrop of a fast-growing Chinese cosmetics market that is facing the challenges of rising local brands, shifting consumer preferences, and digital marketing, the study employs the Howard Sheth model, combined with in-depth interviews with 16 female consumers, to analyze their purchasing decisions and feedback on localization strategies. The study finds that Lancôme's technological attributes and social media communication have significantly improved brand perception, but the issues of cultural adaptation and price sensitivity still need to be optimized. Consumers generally perceive its high-end technology positioning as contradictory to local needs, and suggest differentiated pricing, deepening of local cultural elements, and emotional marketing to enhance affinity. The conclusion suggests that international brands need to find a balance between ""high-end technology"" and ""local affinity"", and respond to the complex challenges of the market through flexible pricing, in-depth localization and upgrading of the omni-channel experience.

This study provides an empirical assessment of public servants’ integrity in Macao’s public sector, exploring how integrity is perceived, practiced, and promoted amid Macao’s unique administrative and socio-cultural context. Drawing on in-depth, semi-structured interviews with ten public servants from diverse departments and hierarchical levels, the research adopts a qualitative approach guided by the Theory of Public Service Motivation (PSM). The findings reveal that integrity fundamentally prioritizes public interest above personal gain, grounded in honesty, self-discipline, and ethical commitment. While organizational missions and formal codes offer guidance, individual values, professional ethics, and personal motivation are central to upholding integrity. Key enablers include mission-driven values, ethical leadership, supportive organizational culture, non-monetary incentives, and recognition. However, integrity is undermined by inconsistent ethics training, weak supervision, ineffective reporting mechanisms, and cultural factors such as close social networks and fear of retaliation. The effectiveness of mechanisms, such as internal regulations, anti-corruption agencies, and ethics training, varies across departments, often hindered by procedural gaps and societal norms. The study concludes that sustaining integrity in Macao’s public sector requires strengthening ethics education, enhancing leadership and culture, improving internal systems, and addressing systemic and societal risks. Limitations include the small, non-generalizable sample and focus on qualitative insights. Recommendations are targeted at policymakers, the supervisory institution, the Commission Against Corruption (CCAC), and institutional leaders for future reforms.

This study investigates the relationship between special education professional competence and inclusive education attitudes among general school teachers in Macao, aiming to understand how these factors influence the development of inclusive education in the region. 310 valid questionnaires were collected from local general school teachers through surveys incorporating 14 background variables, analyzed using statistical methods including independent samples t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and ordinal one-way ANOVA. Qualitative interviews further supplemented the findings. The results show: 1. General school teachers in Macao demonstrated a relateively high level of ""overall special education competence"" and its five dimensions: ""general special education knowledge,"" ""curriculum design competence,"" ""instructional design competence,"" ""assessment competence,"" and ""classroom management competence."" 2. Teachers showed positive ""overall inclusive education attitudes"" across three dimensions: ""cognitive,"" ""emotion,"" and ""behavior."" 3. Nine background variables showed significant differences in special education competence: ""age,"" ""teaching experience,"" ""special education experience,"" ""participation in inclusive education courses offered by the Education and Youth Affairs Bureau (EYAB),"" ""participation in EYAB workshops/seminars,"" ""pre-teaching relevant experience,"" ""level of support from special education professionals,"" ""frequency of colleague communication regarding inclusive students,"" and ""number of inclusive students in the class with the highest inclusion rate."" 4. Five variables show significant differences in attitudes toward inclusive education: ""age,"" ""teaching experience,"" ""special education experience,"" ""pre-teaching relevant experience,"" and ""frequency of colleague communication on inclusive student issues."" Part of the qualitative interview results are consistent with the quantitative results. Additionally, Pearson Correlation Analysis was conducted, revealing a positive correlation between special education professional competence and attitudes toward inclusive education. Qualitative findings revealed additional insights: 1. Teachers identified five influencing variable for special education competence: ""gender,"" ""educational background,"" ""professional specialization,"" ""job position,"" and ""teaching stage."" 2. Teachers identified four variables impacted inclusive education attitudes: ""educational background,"" ""professional specialization,"" ""job roles,"" and ""number of inclusive students in the class with highest inclusion rate."" 3. ""Personality traits"" was a critical factor in teachers’ inclusive education attitudes: teachers with more positive, open, and patient dispositions showed stronger inclusive education attitudes. 4. ""Teacher-student relationship"" positively influenced both competence and attitudes, with better relationships correlating with higher proficiency and more favorable attitudes. Qualitative data primarily served to support and enrich the quantitative findings. 本研究以澳門普通學校教師為研究對象，探討教師在融合教育中的特教專業知能及融合教育態度之相關情況，並瞭解特教專業知能及融合教育態度對澳門融合教育發展之影響，從而由受訪者提供可提升相關因素的建議。研究一共收集了310位本澳普通學校教師的資料，14個背景變項，使用獨立樣本t檢定，單因子變異數分析、單因子等級變異數分析進行統計。結果顯示： 1）本澳普通教師在「整體特教專業知能」及其「一般特教知能」、「課程設計知能」、「教學設計知能」、「課程評核知能」及「班級經營知能」五大層面也屬於較好程度。 2）本澳普通教師在「整體融合教育態度」及其「認知」、「情感」及「行為」三大層面也屬於較好程度。 3）「年齡」、「教學年資」、「特教年資」、「修讀教青局所舉辦融合教育課程進修」、「修讀教青局所舉辦有關的講座/工作坊」、「任教前相關經驗」、「特殊教育專業人員的支援程度」、「就融合生問題而與同事溝通時間頻率」及「任教班級中最多融合生的班級之融合生人數」等九個背景變項在特教專業知能中呈顯著差異。 4）「年齡」、「教學年資」、「特教年資」、「任教前相關經驗」及「就融合生問題而與同事溝通時間頻率」等五個背景變項在融合教育態度中呈顯著差異。 而質性訪談有部分結果與量化結果相似，因此質性能解釋量化的情形。此外，亦通過獨立皮爾遜積差相關分析進行統計。結果顯示：特教專業知能與融合教育態度相互呈正相關。 再者，在質性訪談結果中有不同的發現，結果顯示： 1）本澳普通學校教師認為「性別」、「學歷」、「專業背景」、「擔任職務」、「任教階段」等五個背景變項在特教專業知能中有影響。 2）本澳普通學校教師認為「學歷」、「專業背景」、「擔任職務」、「任教班級中最多融合生的班級之融合生人數」等四個背景變項在融合教育態度中有影響。 3） 「人格特質」是影響教師融合教育態度的其中一個決定性因素，越正面積極、開放性態度越高及越有耐性，在融合教育態度上越正面。 4） 「師生關係」可能是影響教師特教專業知能及融合教育態度的其中一個決定性因素，即師生關係越好，特教專業知能及融合教育態度越好。 而質性所得出之結果主要是用來支撐及補充量化研究的結果之發現。

This study explores the influence of social innovation facilitated through incubation programs on advancing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically SDG 8 Decent Work and SDG 17 Partnerships. Employing a qualitative research approach, the investigation involved analyzing the perspectives of 9 participants from Epark Incubation, representing diverse enterprise. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to examine how social innovation within these incubation initiatives contributes to value co creation and supports the achievement of these SDGs. Out of the initial participants, nine were successfully interviewed, providing rich insights that addressed the core research questions. The qualitative data reveal that the provision of cost-reduction platforms to incubators plays a crucial role in fostering sustainability, which subsequently leads to job creation. This underscores the effectiveness of cost-efficient support mechanisms and providing training through a mentorship in driving decent work and economic growth (SDG 8). Findings also emphasize the importance of digital training, including artificial intelligence (AI) skills, and the enhancement of resource pools to strengthen networks among incubates enterprises. Moreover, the research identifies significant challenges such as funding gaps, cultural frictions, and regulatory barriers. To address these issues, it recommends integrating digital training aligned with current technological trends and navigating policy environments to facilitate easier access to funding for the incubatees. Establishing structured communication frameworks-through workshops, seminars, and benchmarking-can also help mitigate cultural frictions. 3 Looking ahead, the study suggests that future research should focus on diversifying funding sources beyond traditional capital, particularly for technology-driven incubator. Exploring impact investment models, developing crowdfunding platforms tailored for social enterprises, and advocating for government incentives to support social innovation are vital strategies. While the training-to-placement model has demonstrated effectiveness, scaling these programs and adapting them to emerging skill gaps is essential to maintain relevance in a rapidly evolving digital economy.

This dissertation investigates the challenges and opportunities for implementing sustainable tourism practices in Macau from the perspective of tourism operators. With Macau's economy heavily reliant on its vibrant tourism industry, particularly the gaming sector, the rapid growth has led to significant environmental and social impacts, raising concerns about long-term sustainability. This study aims to identify the barriers preventing operators from fully embracing sustainability, such as high implementation costs, a perceived lack of robust governmental support, and insufficient knowledge among stakeholders. Concurrently, it explores the potential avenues for sustainable tourism development, including enhanced collaboration, improved financial incentives, and strengthened environmental legislation. Through qualitative interviews, the research provides a comprehensive understanding of the current landscape. The findings reveal that while operators acknowledge the importance of sustainability, practical and policy-related hurdles persist. The study concludes with actionable recommendations for policymakers and tourism operators to foster a more sustainable and resilient tourism sector in Macau, capable of withstanding global shocks and ensuring long-term prosperity without compromising its unique cultural and natural assets. 本論文調查了實施的挑戰和機遇 從旅遊經營者的角度看澳門的可持續旅遊實踐。 隨著 澳門的經濟嚴重依賴其充滿活力的旅遊業，特別是 遊戲行業的快速增長給環境和社會帶來了重大影響， 引起對長期可持續性的擔憂。 這項研究旨在確定障礙 阻止運營商充分接受可持續性，例如高實施率 成本，被認為缺乏強大的政府支援，以及知識不足 在利益相關者中。 同時，它探索了可持續的潛在途徑 旅遊業發展，包括加強合作，改善財政激勵措施， 並加強了環境立法。 透過定性訪談， 研究提供了對當前格局的全面瞭解。 這 調查結果顯示，雖然運營商承認可持續性的重要性， 實際和政策相關的障礙持續存在。 這項研究以可操作的結論 對決策者和旅遊經營者的建議，以促進更可持續的 澳門有彈性的旅遊業，能夠抵禦全球衝擊和 在不損害其獨特的文化和自然的情況下確保長期繁榮資產

Macanese Patuá, a Creole language of Macau, also known as "Dóci Língu di Macau", crafted by Macanese people with different cultural backgrounds such as Portuguese, Malay, Cantonese, English, and Spanish, has been forgotten over time and is almost unknown to local new generations. This research aims to explore the historical and social relevance of Patuá, emphasising its rise, evolution, and fall in Macau society. In addition, the study will use a Macanese theatre group as a case study, Dóci Papiaçám di Macau, created by creole Macanese thespians who speak Patuá and wish to continue to use the language and promote their cultural heritage. They offer yearly public performances of Patuá theatre around May. The ensemble integrates multilingual features into performances, humorously interpreting cultural differences and societal themes, earning local acclaim and support, effectively advocating for Macanese Patuá through art.

<jats:p>To better inform the public about ambient air quality and associated health risks and prevent cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases in Macau, the local government authorities apply the Air Quality Index (AQI) for air quality management within its jurisdiction. The application of AQI requires first determining the sub-indices for several pollutants, including respirable suspended particulates (PM10), fine suspended particulates (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and carbon monoxide (CO). Accurate prediction of AQI is crucial in providing early warnings to the public before pollution episodes occur. To improve AQI prediction accuracy, deep learning methods such as artificial neural networks (ANNs) and long short-term memory (LSTM) models were applied to forecast the six pollutants commonly found in the AQI. The data for this study was accessed from the Macau High-Density Residential Air Quality Monitoring Station (AQMS), which is located in an area with high traffic and high population density near a 24 h land border-crossing facility connecting Zhuhai and Macau. The novelty of this work lies in its potential to enhance operational AQI forecasting for Macau. The ANN and LSTM models were run five times, with average pollutant forecasts obtained for each model. Results demonstrated that both models accurately predicted pollutant concentrations of the upcoming 24 h, with PM10 and CO showing the highest predictive accuracy, reflected in high Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) between 0.84 and 0.87 and Kendall’s Tau Coefficient (KTC) between 0.66 and 0.70 values and low Mean Bias (MB) between 0.06 and 0.10, Mean Fractional Bias (MFB) between 0.09 and 0.11, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between 0.14 and 0.21, and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) between 0.11 and 0.17. Overall, the LSTM model consistently delivered the highest PCC (0.87) and KTC (0.70) values and the lowest MB (0.06), MFB (0.09), RMSE (0.14), and MAE (0.11) across all six pollutants, with the lowest SD (0.01), indicating greater precision and reliability. As a result, the study concludes that the LSTM model outperforms the ANN model in forecasting air pollutants in Macau, offering a more accurate and consistent prediction tool for local air quality management.</jats:p>

Macau is a Special Administrative Region (SAR) located in the south of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Settled by the Portuguese it was the last European colony in Asia. Over the centuries as a maritime city Macau saw its fortunes coming as trade boomed in the 16–17th centuries; however, with the establishment of Hong Kong as a port city the importance of Macau decreased. The authorities resorted to gaming and tourism as key sources of tax revenues eventually in 2000s becoming ‘Las Vegas’ of Asia. As the pandemic hit China and the rest of the world, Macau was isolated, gaming revenues declined temporarily and the Macau authorities decided to diversify its offer of tourist attractions. Although Macau has already been recognised as a UNESCO heritage site with a well-preserved historic core since 2005, two new attractions were developed to help reposition Macau as a city with a rich cultural history. The two new sites that opened in 2023 were the long abandoned Iec Long firecracker factory (益隆炮竹厂) in Taipa and dilapidated Lai Chi Vun shipyards in Coloane. Iec Long firecracker factory is unique, as it blends an interface with nature (green space dominated by the century old trees), a public space and interpretative displays of how the industrial activities were performed. In this paper we use mixed methods approach to provide a ‘thick description’ of Iec Long firecracker factory as an interplay of affective and material elements. Drawing on the existing literature we further advance how assemblage thinking can contribute to analysis of industrial heritage sites as tourist attractions. Additionally, drawing on the first-hand empirical data and the context of ongoing urban revitalization in Macau we scrutinise heritage-tourism dichotomy and demonstrate how we can better understand the meanings of heritage co-created from below.

Aggressive behavior is an adaptive trait present across all taxa. However, the neuroendocrine mechanisms regulating it, particularly in fish, are not well understood. Oxytocin (OXT) and arginine vasotocin (VT) are known modulators of aggression, but their actions remain controversial. This study tested the possible modulation of endocrine and behavioral responses to an aggression challenge by these nonapeptides in Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens, a species known for its intrinsic aggressiveness. Male B. splendens were injected with different dosages of either Manning compound or L-368,899, VT and OXT receptor antagonists respectively, and were exposed to a mirror challenge for 30 min. While all fish displayed high levels of aggression toward their mirror image, no differences were observed between control-injected and treatment fish. However, blocking VT inhibited the post-fight increase in plasma levels of the androgen 11-ketotestosterone (KT). To further investigate this result, testis tissue from males was incubated with and without VT and Manning compound, and KT levels were measured after 180 min. Results showed a direct effect of VT on in vitro KT secretion, indicating the presence of VT receptors in the testes of this species. Overall, the study does not support a modulatory role of VT or OXT in aggressive behavior, although VT might be implicated in the regulation of peripheral androgen response to aggression in B. splendens.

This study systematically analyzes the needs and preferences of pet adopters in Macao through questionnaires, in-depth interviews and data analysis, in view of the problems such as information asymmetry, complex adoption process and lack of knowledge about pet health care. Based on this, a pet adoption app has been designed, integrating pet information display, intelligent matching recommendations, simplified adoption procedures, pet health management, community interaction and sharing, as well as educational resource integration. The app not only provides rich pet adoption information and convenient adoption processes but also uses smart algorithms to recommend the most suitable pets for users, enhancing the accuracy of adoption matches. At the same time, the built-in pet health management module and community interaction features effectively enhance users' awareness and participation in pet health care. Experimental validation shows that this application significantly improves pet adoption efficiency, enhances user satisfaction, and promotes pet welfare. This study not only provides an innovative technical solution for pet adoption in Macao but also offers valuable references for the design and development of pet adoption applications in other regions.

The incidence of self-injurious behavior (SIB) in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) ranges from 35% to 60%. Common types of SIB include head-banging, hair-pulling, arm-biting, eye-poking, skin-scratching and other behaviors. Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA) and function-based behavioral interventions have been shown to reduce SIB in children with ASD. However, there is limited research on this subject in Macao. This study applies a single-subject alternating treatment design to conduct an FBA on the self-injurious behavior of a child with ASD in Macao, followed by the implementation of a function-based behavioral intervention, aiming to effectively reduce the frequency or intensity of SIB in children with ASD. Based on the results of this study, the conclusions are as follows: a) Based on the Functional Behavior Assessment, the main functions of self-injurious behavior in the child with ASD are identified as escape from task demands and access to tangible items; b) Function-based intervention strategies (such as functional communication training, FCT) significantly reduce the occurrence of SIB in children with ASD. In this case study, the frequency of SIB markedly decreased, and the improvement was maintained even after the intervention was withdrawn; c) Based on the results of FCT, both independent communication behaviors (picture cards and the speech-generating device BigMac) effectively reduced the child’s SIB. However, the child learned to use the BigMac as an alternative communication behavior more quickly, and there was no occurrence of self-injurious behavior while using BigMac, whereas SIB occasionally occurred when using picture cards; d) Function-based intervention strategies demonstrate a good social validity, with the child’s teachers expressing agreement with the research’s implementation process and outcomes. 自閉症譜系障礙（Autism Spectrum Disorder，ASD）兒童自傷行為的發生率高達35%-60%，常見的類型包括撞頭、拉頭髮、咬手臂、戳眼睛及抓皮膚等。功能行為評估和基於功能的行為干預有助於降低自閉症兒童的自傷行為，然而，澳門相關的研究較少。本研究採用單一被試交替處理設計對1名澳門自閉症兒童的自傷行為開展功能行為評估，並制定相應的基於功能的行為干預。研究結果顯示：a) 基於功能行為評估，可以確定該自閉症兒童自傷行為的主要功能為逃避任務及獲得實物；b) 採用基於行為功能的干預策略（即功能性溝通訓練），可以有效降低該自閉症兒童自傷行為的頻率，且在撤銷干預後仍能維持改善效果；c) 根據功能性溝通訓練的結果，學習兩種獨立溝通行為（圖卡和言語生成設備BigMac）均有助於減少該兒童的自傷行為，但相對而言，他更快學會使用BigMac這個替代溝通行為，而且在使用BigMac的實驗時段中完全沒有出現自傷行為，而使用圖卡時會出現自傷行為；d) 基於行為功能的干預策略具有良好的社會效度，該自閉症兒童的教師對研究的實施過程及成效表示認同。

The Estée Lauder Companies (EL)is a global leader in prestige beauty. They build consumer-beloved brands that manufacture, market, and sell exemplary skin care, makeup, fragrance, and hair care products, and serve as a steward of luxury and prestige brands globally. Today Estée Lauder's skin care, makeup and fragrance products is sold in more than 150 countries worldwide. But sustaining its competitive advantage represents an everyday challenge, due to the fierce competition that characterizes the beauty and cosmetics industry worldwide. Therefore, the thesis analyzed the financial statements of Estée Lauder Companies for the past five years (2019-2023) and forecast the business performance for the next decade (2024-2033). After that, it will calculate the intrinsic value of Estée Lauder as of December 31, 2023, and compare it with the stock market price on that day. This comparative analysis is helpful for judging whether the market price of the company's stocks truly reflects its actual value. Another objective is to explore and analyze the internal and external factors influencing the company and its future strategic planning, thereby providing important information for the sensitivity analysis of stock prices. Through this analysis, the potential impact that these factors and strategies may have on the future price of stocks can be reflected, providing an important basis for investors' decision-making. 雅诗兰黛公司（EL）是全球高端美妆领域的领导者。他们打造深受消费者喜爱的品牌，生产、营销和销售卓越的护肤品、彩妆、香水和护发产品，并在全球范围内担任奢侈品和高端品牌的守护者。如今，雅诗兰黛的护肤品、彩妆和香水产品在全球 150 多个国家销售。 但要保持其竞争优势是一项日常挑战，因为全球美容和化妆品行业竞争激烈。因此，本文分析了雅诗兰黛公司过去五年（2019 - 2023 年）的财务报表，并预测了未来十年（2024 - 2033 年）的业务表现。之后，将计算截至 2023 年 12 月 31 日雅诗兰黛的内在价值，并将其与当天的股票市场价格进行比较。这种比较分析有助于判断该公司股票的市场价格是否真正反映了其实际价值。另一个目标是探索和分析影响公司及其未来战略规划的内部和外部因素，从而为股票价格的敏感性分析提供重要信息。通过这种分析，可以反映出这些因素和策略可能对股票未来价格产生的潜在影响，为投资者的决策提供重要依据。

Dementia is a progressive cognitive disease affecting 55 million people worldwide. Each of these 55 million people needs at least one caregiver to support them as dementia progresses. By exploring home-based caregiving as a process, I attempt to highlight how a bioecological approach to study caregivers could shed some light on issues currently unidentified by extant caregiving studies. A bioecological approach also shows the systemic implications to caregivers’ human development due to the proximal processes between the care recipient and the caregiver. Nine Singaporean Chinese caregivers with at least three years of dementia caregiving experience were interviewed and analysed using thematic analysis. Research findings reveal three major themes of (a) human development with subthemes of self-growth and self-preservation, (b) proximal processes between caregiver and care recipient with subthemes of rollercoaster of emotions, meaning-making and adaptive behaviours and (c) bioecological effects of dementia caregiving with subthemes of role engulfment and support from others. By using a bioecological approach, this study moves beyond conventional themes frequently explored in extant caregiver literature, such as caregiver burdens and gains. The findings from these studies extend beyond Singaporean and Asian caregivers with relevance to caregivers worldwide, as dementia is a global healthcare condition with common challenges faced by caregivers worldwide. My research findings shed light on how the caregiver’s systemic interactions with principal persons such as the care recipient’s spouse, siblings and helpers play crucial roles in sustaining the caregiver’s wellbeing and enable them to carry on caregiving. This study advocates that caregivers continue their caregiving journey because of systemic support from principal persons and the relationship with the care recipient. The implications of these research findings are discussed from a microsystemic perspective, focusing on the individual caregiver, and mesosystemic, exosystemic and macrosystemic perspectives, focusing on society, community and government policies. Taking a systemic approach, practical suggestions include counselling support and psychotherapeutic interventions for caregivers throughout their caregiving journey to improve personal happiness, more proactive and microsystemic support from grassroots and public agencies focusing on the early days of a caregiver’s journey to improve caregiver visibility, reduce feelings of isolation and provide support. Increasing the profile of caregivers in the public domain could also promote a sense of visibility and recognition of individual caregivers. By helping caregivers, society could keep people living with dementia in family-level care and reduce public healthcare costs and reliance on formal institutions.

"This study addresses the challenges of multidimensional nonlinearity and multifactorial influences in stock market prediction by proposing a dual-channel deep learning framework based on BERT+BiGRU+Attention (BBA), which integrates investor sentiment analysis with temporal trading data dynamics. Leveraging crawled data from platforms such as East Money Stock Bar, we analyze 30,000 investor comments on Tsingtao Brewery (600600) and corresponding trading records (2010- 2021). Key innovations include: A domain-specific financial sentiment lexicon enhanced by BERT for contextual text vectorization, coupled with BiGRU-based temporal feature extraction and attention-driven keyword focus.Test the rise and fall pages of stocks using stock reviews"

The rising number of students working in different fields after graduation has prompted the Ministry of Education and Training in Vietnam to emphasize the establishment of school counselling focused on career orientation to help students make a right career choice and to enhance workforce quality in response to the labor market. Career orientation is crucial for providing guidance, information, and clarity to assist individuals in career decision-making. This research aims to identify factors influencing career decision-making among high school students in Vietnam. This qualitative study uses semi-structured interviews with a convenience sample of grade 12 students from a public high school in Nghe An Province and a private high school in Dak Nong Province, Vietnam, to explore the factors influencing their career decision-making. This study identified how different factors influence the career choice of students, including individual, family, school, peers, and social trends. Two major influencing factors in career decision-making among the grade 12 students are: 1) academic performance and 2) family socioeconomic status. The results also show the differences among the factors between the public and private schooling, in which students in private school tend to have greater autonomy in their career decision-making, influenced by family aspirations, supportive educational resources and share openly with peers about career choices, while in public school students often prioritize job security and financial concerns due to limited exposure and guidance. This study contributed important information for students to make their career decisions seriously, stressing the role of school in career orientation in providing career information, career programs, and school counselling services to avoid the common situation of “too many chiefs, not enough Indians.

This paper explores the entrepreneurial perception and challenges of African students from Portuguese-speaking countries (PSC) in Macau, adopting a qualitative research method and conducting in-depth interviews with ten students from this geographic area to understand their Perceptions and challenges towards the entrepreneurial field. This study is significant because it enriches the theoretical guidance framework. Moreover, it helps future researchers utilize valuable data for their research in the field with many samples. The insights obtained from this paper might inform policymakers and universities about the necessary framework to support international students, especially African students from Portuguese-speaking countries, in a way that can encourage them to pursue entrepreneurial opportunities. In-depth interviewing is the primary method for data collection. The thematic content analysis (TCA) An approach is utilized to analyze the data from interview transcripts. Existing research illustrated students from this geographic area's entrepreneurial perception and challenges, as well as their aspirations and intentions as planned after their study. From the point of view of the researcher's interview with his sources, the researcher discovered that there is no opportunity for them to pursue an entrepreneurial career in Macau, which means that, after their study, they will return to their motherland. III In conclusion, based on the findings, understanding the entrepreneurial perception and challenges Students from this geographic area can help to provide support from the local Government and Universities, based on their field of study in a way they can have the opportunity to explore practical experience in a working environment for their personal and professional development.

This study focuses on the influence of online review quality on tourism intention, with destination image as a mediating variable, in the context of the rapid rise of internet content platforms like Red Book and Douyin. The platforms like Red Book and Douyin play an important role in shaping travel behavior, as potential travelers frequently rely on user-generated content (UGC) to find information about travel destinations, plan their trips, and form perceptions of destinations. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and the application of structural equation modeling (SEM), the study reveals that the cognitive and affective image of destination are significantly influenced by the quality of online reviews, which in turn impacts overall destination image and tourism intention. The findings demonstrate that higher-quality online reviews — those that are timely, sufficient，helpful, and credible — not only enhance the cognitive understanding of destinations but also evoke stronger emotional connections, ultimately fostering a higher likelihood of travel intention. Moreover, the study highlights the mediating role of destination image during the process where online review quality influences tourism intention. These results offer critical insights for destination marketing organizations (DMOs) in conducting tourism marketing to attract tourists by strategically enhancing the quality and authenticity of online reviews. The study also identifies limitations in sample selection and mediating variables, providing directions for future research in the fields of online content, destination image, and tourism behavior.

Against the backdrop of globalization and thriving cultural trade, the export of Chinese cultural products faces a dual challenge of expanding international markets and enhancing competitiveness. This Dissertation focuses on designing an innovative digital platform interface aimed at effectively integrating cultural connotations with modern technology, meeting the needs of international users, and promoting the dissemination and trading of cultural products. By analyzing the Strategies to Attract Users, Streamline Ordering, and Promote Exports through Interface Innovation, cross-cultural interface design strategies are proposed. The core functions of the platform include cultural product display, online transactions, user interaction, and multilingual support, and the information architecture has been optimized to adapt to different cultural backgrounds. Visual design incorporates traditional Chinese colors and cultural symbols, while also considering the visual adaptability of global users. The study used prototype tools to build interfaces and optimized them through usability testing. The achievements not only provide practical interface design solutions for the export of cultural products, which are expected to improve the display effect and sales conversion rate in the international market, but also provide theoretical references for the development of digital cultural platforms, and help promote the dissemination and exchange of Chinese culture on a global scale.