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Abstract As globalization expands, the idea of “world readiness” becomes an increasing important higher education narrative, prompting the growth of international education university programmes and infrastructures and the resulting expansion of international students. Debates about diversity management especially in cities must therefore take into account this significant minority. This paper compares the experiences of students hosted by three public universities in Singapore, Seoul and Beijing in order to reveal how their life and relationship with the host population is shaped by housing arrangement and their social position within the urban population of these three cities. Drawing from a multinational survey and biographical interviews of international students, this paper presents three effects of mixing based on the difference of housing arrangement for international students: on-campus mixing, off-campus mixing and impact of diversity experience on their plans after graduation. Research findings suggest that international students can play a positive informal role in facilitating a better understanding between hosts and guests. We note that international students form an emerging educated middle class, and their roles may be among urban middle class youth segment. This said, international students are excellent ambassadors of cultural diversity, and resident campuses are effective spaces in promoting social mixing. The central argument we are making in this chapter is that students as migrants are contributors to the cities where they are hosted. Within the framework of everyday cosmopolitan practices, these students, through their multicultural attitudes developed on campus and their involvements in host societies, they contribute informally to urban lifestyles and practices.
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This paper examines the evolving trends in Chinese student mobility to Thailand, highlighting three distinct phases shaped by changes in the higher education: the dominance of Thai language programmes (1990–2010), the rise of business and international programmes (2010–2020), and the increasing preference for graduate studies (2020 onwards). By analysing the economic, cultural, and institutional factors facilitating these shifts, this paper positions Thailand as an emerging alternative study destination for Chinese students. It highlights the significance of this migration within the context of Thailand’s declining fertility rate and labour shortages, focusing on how Thai universities have adapted through active recruitment strategies targeting Chinese students. This paper also addresses the push and pull factors underpinning this migration and the pursuit of alternative educational pathways among Chinese youth. Additionally, it explores the strategic role of Sino-Thai collaborations under the BRI and their broader implications for educational mobility and economic ties.
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This study investigates career trajectory and work locations of doctoral students trained in Macao and analyses how their career paths are shaped by perceived macro-level factors. Respondents from four applied disciplinary areas were selected for semi-structured in-depth interviews. Research results show that doctoral students who graduated from Macao higher education institutions enjoy good career prospects in Mainland China. Their competitiveness in the research-related job market benefits from having a multi-level support system and a training mode that promotes government–university–industry collaboration. Policies and demand from industrial sectors are involved in students' learning experience through channels such as financial support, project collaboration and networks. Doctoral students in Macao are strategic planners and actors in leveraging their human capital. As Macao becomes an emerging destination for cultivating high-level research labour, findings from this study capture a model of human capital formation in China's cross-system context.
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Higher Education in Macau has been benefiting from a multi-layered institutional environment under China’s One-Country-Two-Systems. This presentation introduces research and education policies and practices of Macau universities under China’s national plan of the Greater Bay Area development. It aims to demonstrate and analyze how higher education actors collaborate with local and regional governments and industrial sectors in human capital formation and research innovations.
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There is considerable evidence to suggest that the human capital needs of the world city differ from what Robinson calls “ordinary cities” or what Markusen and associates term as “second tier cities”. This path is blazed most notably in the field of world cities and the flow of skilled labour, in the work by Sassen and with case examples (finance, law, accountancy) provided in the work by Beaverstock and his associates. This focuses on producer services and migration flows needs to be matched by an accompanying look at city-based strategies. This paper represents an attempt to provide this by providing a case history analysis of Singapore in three stages of growth – as port city, industrial city and as world city – in order to show how the evolving infrastructure associated with human capital (education, immigration and labour policies) allows human capital to be developed, attracted, harnessed, deployed, released and retained.
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In the context of Asia, the changing dynamics of higher education has increased the visibility and significance of the group of intraregional education migrants. There are several methodological issues which need to be addressed in conducting research for this group of migrants. First, how does the particular type of migrant group and Asian context influence the research design? Second, in order to capture the scale and diversity of this migrant group, how should research be conducted across multiple sites? Third, how does a mixed method design allow researchers to learn more about the behaviour, practice and orientations of education migrants? Our paper aims to make contributions to the discussions on the methods of education migration research in Asia through answering these questions. We use research experiences and preliminary data from a multinational project to illustrate the issues involved in the selection of methods, research design and project management.
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